Imhotep
Imhotep (pia Immutef, Im-hotep au Ii-em-Hotep; aliitwa Imuthes (Ἰμούθης) na Wagiriki wa Kale; kwa hieroglifi ỉỉ-m-ḥtp "anayekuja kwa amani"; takriban karne ya 27 KK (~ 2650–2600 KK)) alikuwa mwandishi na mtaalamu wa Misri ya Kale.
Chini ya Farao Djoser wa nasaba ya tatu ya Misri Imhotep alikuwa afisa mtendaji mkuu. Anajulikana kama mhusika katika ujenzi wa piramidi ya Djoser.
Mara nyingi anatajwa kama msanifu wa kwanza anayejulikana[1] na pia mhandisi,[2] na tabibu katika historia anayejulikana kwa jina[3].
Hali halisi hatuna habari kamili juu yake isipokuwa maandishi ya kumsifu yaliyowekwa baada ya kifo chake. Hapo aitajwa kuwa "Mtendaji mkuu wa Farao, tabibu, mwakilishi wa kwanza wa mfalme wa Misri ya Juu, afisa mtawala wa Ikulu Kubwa, Kuhani Mkuu wa Heliopolis, Mjenzi Mkuu, Seremala Mkuu, Mchongaji Mkuu, Mfinyanzi Mkuu"[4]
Baada ya kifo chake aliheshimiwa kama mungu katika hekalu ya Memphis, baadaye pia kama mshairi na mwanafalsafa. Maneno yake yalinukuliwa mara nyingi [5].
Kaburi lake lilifichwa vema haikujulikana hadi leo hii [6] lakini wengi wanadhani iko mahali fulani huko Saqqara.
Marejeo hariri
- ↑ Editors, The (2014-11-20). "Imhotep | biography - Egyptian architect, physician, and statesman". Britannica.com. Iliwekwa mnamo 2015-06-23.
- ↑ "What is Civil Engineering: Imhotep". Ilihifadhi kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2008-01-12. Iliwekwa mnamo 2016-10-24.
- ↑ William Osler, The Evolution of Modern Medicine, Kessinger Publishing 2004, p.12
- ↑ Feder, Kenneth (2010). Encyclopedia of Dubious Archaeology: From Atlantis to the Walam Olum. ABC-CLIO. uk. 43. ISBN 0313379181.
- ↑ Barry J. Kemp, Ancient Egypt Routledge 2005, p.159
- ↑ "Lay of the Harper". Reshafim.org.il. Iliwekwa mnamo 2015-06-23.
Kujisomea hariri
- Asante, Molefi Kete (2000). The Egyptian philosophers : ancient African voices from Imhotep to Akhenaten. Chicago: African American Images. ISBN 0-913543-66-7.
- Cormack, Maribelle (1965). Imhotep: Builder in Stone. New York: Franklin Watts.
- Dawson, Warren R. (1929). Magician and Leech: A Study in the Beginnings of Medicine with Special Reference to Ancient Egypt. London: Methuen.
- Garry, T. Gerald (1931). Egypt: The Home of the Occult Sciences, with Special Reference to Imhotep, the Mysterious Wise Man and Egyptian God of Medicine. London: John Bale, Sons and Danielsson.
- Hurry, Jamieson B. (1978). Imhotep (toleo la 2nd). New York: AMS Press. ISBN 0-404-13285-5.
- Risse, Guenther B. (1986). "Imhotep and Medicine—A Reevaluation". Western Journal of Medicine 144: 622–624.
- Wildung, Dietrich (1977). Egyptian Saints: Deification in Pharaonic Egypt. New York University Press. ISBN 0-8147-9169-7.
Viungo vya Nje hariri
- Imhotep (2667 BC - 2648 BC), BBC History