Milango ya fahamu : Tofauti kati ya masahihisho

Content deleted Content added
No edit summary
Mstari 1:
[[Picha:Olhos de um gato-2.jpg|thumbnail|Macho, pua na nywele ndefu za "ndevu" ni milango muhimu kwa huyu paka.]]
'''Milango ya fahamu''' ni [[ogani]] za [[mwili]] zinazoturuhusu kujua [[mazingira]] zetuyetu. Mifano yake ni [[macho]] na [[masikio]].
 
[[Biolojia|Kibiolojia]] inaelezwa kuwa ogani yenye uwezo wa kupokea [[habari]] za nje ya mwili, kama vile [[nuru]], [[sauti]], [[halijoto]], [[mwendo]], [[harufu]] au [[ladha]], na kuzibadilisha katika mishtuko ya [[umeme]] inayofikishwa kwa njia ya mfumo wa [[neva]] hadi [[ubongo]].
 
Kama milango ya fahamu imeharibika, tunasema [[mtu]] ni [[kipofu]], [[bubu]] au hasikii[[kiziwi]], ana matatizo kuelewa mazingira yake sawa na jinsi wanayowezawanavyoweza watu wengine.
 
==Fahamu zetu==
[[Picha:Makart Fuenf Sinne.jpg|thumbnail|300px|Taswira "Fahamu tano za binadamu" kadiri ya [[mchoraji]] [[Austria|Mwaustria]] [[Hans Makart]] ([[1840]]-[[1884]]) .]]
Mara nyingi watu hutaja fahamu [[tano]] ambayoambazo ni:
 
# Kusikia ni fahamu ya [[sauti]] kupitia [[masikio]].
# Kuona ni fahamu ya [[nuru]] kupitia [[macho]]
# Kuonja ni fahamu ya [[ladha]] kupitia [[ulimi]]
# Kunusa ni fahamu ya [[harufu]] kupitia [[pua]]
# Mguso ni fahamu ya [[nyuso]] za vitu kupitia [[ngozi]], hasa ya [[mkono]]
 
Hali halisi kuna fahamu zaidi.:
# Fahamu ya [[joto]] - [[baridi]]
# Fahamu ya [[maumivu]]
# Fahamu ya [[uwiano]] (inayotuwezesha kusimama, kutofautisha juu na chini)
# Fahamu ya mwili wetu (inayotuwezesha kugusa pua wakati macho yamefungwa)
 
==Mfumo wa kibiolojia ya fahamu zetu==
Ogani mbalimbali za mwili ziko tayari kupokea vichocheo katikakutoka mazingira yetu.
 
[[Neva]] katika ogani husika zina uwezo wa kupokea vichocheo vya nje vinavyotafsiriwa katika [[ubongo]] kwa fahamu mbalimbali
Mstari 29:
# vichocheo vya nuru vinavyotuwezesha kuona<ref>Foster, R. G.; Provencio, I.; Hudson, D.; Fiske, S.; Grip, W.; Menaker, M. (1991). "Circadian photoreception in the retinally degenerate mouse (rd/rd)". Journal of Comparative Physiology A 169</ref>
# vichocheo vya halijoto vinavyotuwezesha kutofautisha joto na baridi<ref>Krantz, John. [http://www.saylor.org/content/krantz_sensation/Experiencing_Sensation_and_Perception.pdf Experiencing Sensation and Perception.] Pearson Education, Limited, 2009. p. 12.3</ref>
# vichocheo vya shinikizo na mwendo <ref>Winter, R., Harrar, V., Gozdzik, M., & Harris, L. R. (2008). [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006899308015436 The relative timing of active and passive touch.] [Proceedings Paper]. Brain Research, 1242, 54-58. doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.06.090</ref>
# vichocheo vya athari hatari vinavyotafsiriwa na ubongo kwa maumivu au [[kichefuchefu ]]<ref>International Association for the Study of Pain: Pain Definitions [Retrieved 10 Sep 2011]. "Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage" Derived from Bonica JJ. The need of a taxonomy. Pain. 1979;6(3):247–8</ref>
 
[[Wanyama]] wenginepia wana pia ogani zinazowawezesha kutambua:
# vichocheo vya kusumaku (kwa mfano [[Ndege (mnyama)|ndege]] wanaohamahama mbali kila [[mwaka]] kwa kufuata [[uga wa sumaku]] wa [[dunia]])
# vichocheo vya [[umeme]]
# vichocheo vya [[mnururisho sumakuumeme]] nje ya nuru ya kawaida, kwa mfano [[nyuki]] hutambua [[mawimbi]] ya [[urujuanimno]] yasiyoonekana kwana binadamu
 
==Picha za milango ya fahamu==
<gallery>
Dragonfly_eye_3811.jpg|Jicho la inzi[[nzi]]
Muundo_wa_sikio.jpg|Muundo wa sikio
Neus1.jpg|Pua kubwa halinusi kushinda pua dogo!
Mstari 48:
==Marejeo==
<references/>
 
{{mbegu-anatomia}}
 
[[jamii:Milango ya fahamu]]