Uhusianifu maalumu : Tofauti kati ya masahihisho
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Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Uhusianifu maalumu''' (kwa Kiingereza: ''special relativity'') ni nadharia iliyoundwa na Albert Einstein mwaka 1905. Nadharia hiyo husem...' |
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[[File:Einstein patentoffice.jpg|thumb|260px|[[Picha]] halisi ya [[Albert Einstein]] ya mwaka 1905 hivi, ambapo alichapisha [[kitabu]] "[[Annus Mirabilis]]" yakiwemo [[maandishi]] kuhusu ''Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Körper'' (yaani "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies") yaliyounda nadharia ya uhusianifu maalumu.]]
'''Uhusianifu maalumu''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]]: ''special relativity'') ni [[nadharia]] iliyoundwa na [[Albert Einstein]] [[mwaka]] [[1905]].
==Nadharia hiyo kwa ufupi==
Nadharia hiyo husema:
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== Marejeo ==
{{marejeo}}
==Vitabu==
* Einstein, Albert (1920). [[s:Relativity: The Special and General Theory|Relativity: The Special and General Theory]].
* Einstein, Albert (1996). ''The Meaning of Relativity''. Fine Communications. {{isbn|1-56731-136-9}}
* Logunov, Anatoly A. (2005) [https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0408077 Henri Poincaré and the Relativity Theory] (transl. from Russian by G. Pontocorvo and V. O. Soleviev, edited by V. A. Petrov) Nauka, Moscow.
* [[Charles Misner]], [[Kip Thorne]], and [[John Archibald Wheeler]] (1971) ''Gravitation''. W. H. Freeman & Co. {{isbn|0-7167-0334-3}}
* Post, E.J., 1997 (1962) ''Formal Structure of Electromagnetics: General Covariance and Electromagnetics''. Dover Publications.
* [[Wolfgang Rindler]] (1991). Introduction to Special Relativity (2nd ed.), Oxford University Press. {{isbn|978-0-19-853952-0}}; {{isbn|0-19-853952-5}}
* Harvey R. Brown (2005). Physical relativity: space–time structure from a dynamical perspective, Oxford University Press, {{isbn|0-19-927583-1}}; {{isbn|978-0-19-927583-0}}
* {{Cite book| last =Qadir | first =Asghar | authorlink =Asghar Qadir | title =Relativity: An Introduction to the Special Theory | publisher =[[World Scientific|World Scientific Publications]] | date = 1989| location =Singapore | page =128 | url = https://books.google.com/?id=X5YofYrqFoAC&printsec=frontcover| isbn =978-9971-5-0612-4 | bibcode =1989rist.book.....Q }}
* {{cite book | last=French |first= A. P. | title=Special Relativity (M.I.T. Introductory Physics)|edition= 1st | publisher=W. W. Norton & Company | year=1968 | isbn=978-0393097931}}
* Silberstein, Ludwik (1914) [[List of important publications in physics#The Theory of Relativity — Ludwik Silberstein|The Theory of Relativity]].
* {{cite book |title=Space, Time and Spacetime |author=Lawrence Sklar |url=https://books.google.com/?id=cPLXqV3QwuMC&pg=PA206 |isbn=978-0-520-03174-6 |publisher=University of California Press |date=1977 }}
* {{cite book |title=Philosophy of Physics |author=Lawrence Sklar |url=https://books.google.com/?id=L3b_9PGnkMwC&pg=PA74 |isbn=978-0-8133-0625-4 |publisher=Westview Press |date=1992 }}
* Taylor, Edwin, and [[John Archibald Wheeler]] (1992) ''Spacetime Physics'' (2nd ed.). W.H. Freeman & Co. {{isbn|0-7167-2327-1}}
* Tipler, Paul, and Llewellyn, Ralph (2002). ''Modern Physics'' (4th ed.). W. H. Freeman & Co. {{isbn|0-7167-4345-0}}
==Makala==
* {{Cite journal | author1 = Alvager, T. | author2 = Farley, F. J. M. | date = 1964 | author3 = Kjellman, J. | author4 = Wallin, L. | title = Test of the Second Postulate of Special Relativity in the GeV region | journal = Physics Letters | volume = 12 | issue = 3| page = 260 | doi = 10.1016/0031-9163(64)91095-9 | bibcode = 1964PhL....12..260A |display-authors=etal}}
* {{Cite journal | doi = 10.1086/430652 | last1 = Darrigol | first1 = Olivier | date = 2004 | title = The Mystery of the Poincaré–Einstein Connection | journal = Isis | volume = 95 | issue = 4| pages = 614–26 | pmid = 16011297 }}
* {{Cite journal | doi = 10.1103/PhysRevA.56.4405 | last1 = Wolf | first1 = Peter | last2 = Petit | first2 = Gerard | date = 1997 | title = Satellite test of Special Relativity using the Global Positioning System | journal = Physical Review A | volume = 56 | issue = 6| pages = 4405–09 |bibcode = 1997PhRvA..56.4405W }}
* [http://scholarpedia.org/article/Special_relativity Special Relativity] [[Scholarpedia]]
*[http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Special_relativity:_kinematics Special relativity: Kinematics] [[Wolfgang Rindler]], [[Scholarpedia]], 6(2):8520. [[doi:10.4249/scholarpedia.8520]]
==Viungo vya nje==
{{Wikisourcepar|Relativity: The Special and General Theory}}
{{Wikibooks|Special Relativity}}
{{Wikiversity|Special Relativity}}
{{Wiktionary|special relativity}}
===Maandishi asili===
* [http://www.physik.uni-augsburg.de/annalen/history/einstein-papers/1905_17_891-921.pdf ''Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Körper''] Einstein's original work in German, [[Annalen der Physik]], [[Bern]] 1905
* [http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/specrel.pdf ''On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies''] English Translation as published in the 1923 book ''The Principle of Relativity''.
===Ufafanuzi rahisi===
* [http://www.phys.unsw.edu.au/einsteinlight Einstein Light] An [http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa004&articleID=0005CFF9-524F-1340-924F83414B7F0000 award]-winning, non-technical introduction (film clips and demonstrations) supported by dozens of pages of further explanations and animations, at levels with or without mathematics.
* [http://www.einstein-online.info/en/elementary/index.html Einstein Online] Introduction to relativity theory, from the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics.
* Audio: Cain/Gay (2006) – [http://www.astronomycast.com/astronomy/einsteins-theory-of-special-relativity/ Astronomy Cast]. Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity
===Ufafanuzi rahisi kiasi===
<!--[dead link] * [http://www.geocities.com/autotheist/Bondi/intro.htm Bondi K-Calculus] – A simple introduction to the special theory of relativity. -->
* [http://gregegan.customer.netspace.net.au/FOUNDATIONS/01/found01.html Greg Egan's ''Foundations''].
* [http://cosmo.nyu.edu/hogg/sr/ The Hogg Notes on Special Relativity] A good introduction to special relativity at the undergraduate level, using calculus.
* [http://www.relativitycalculator.com/E=mc2.shtml Relativity Calculator: Special Relativity] – An algebraic and integral calculus derivation for {{nowrap|1=''E'' = ''mc''<sup>2</sup>}}.
* [http://www.mathpages.com/rr/rrtoc.htm MathPages – Reflections on Relativity] A complete online book on relativity with an extensive bibliography.
* [http://lightandmatter.com/sr/ Special Relativity] An introduction to special relativity at the undergraduate level.
* {{gutenberg|no=5001|name=Relativity: the Special and General Theory}}, by [[Albert Einstein]]
* [http://www.phys.vt.edu/~takeuchi/relativity/notes Special Relativity Lecture Notes] is a standard introduction to special relativity containing illustrative explanations based on drawings and spacetime diagrams from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
* [http://www.rafimoor.com/english/SRE.htm Understanding Special Relativity] The theory of special relativity in an easily understandable way.
* [http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/physicskatz/49/ An Introduction to the Special Theory of Relativity] (1964) by Robert Katz, "an introduction ... that is accessible to any student who has had an introduction to general physics and some slight acquaintance with the calculus" (130 pp; pdf format).
* [http://www.physics.mq.edu.au/~jcresser/Phys378/LectureNotes/VectorsTensorsSR.pdf Lecture Notes on Special Relativity] by J D Cresser Department of Physics Macquarie University.
* [http://specialrelativity.net/ SpecialRelativity.net] - An overview with visualizations and minimal mathematics.
===Maonyesho===
* [http://www.hakenberg.de/diffgeo/special_relativity.htm Raytracing Special Relativity] Software visualizing several scenarios under the influence of special relativity.
* [http://www.anu.edu.au/Physics/Savage/RTR/ Real Time Relativity] The Australian National University. Relativistic visual effects experienced through an interactive program.
* [http://www.spacetimetravel.org/ Spacetime travel] A variety of visualizations of relativistic effects, from relativistic motion to black holes.
* [http://www.anu.edu.au/Physics/Savage/TEE/ Through Einstein's Eyes] The Australian National University. Relativistic visual effects explained with movies and images.
* [http://www.adamauton.com/warp/ Warp Special Relativity Simulator] A computer program to show the effects of traveling close to the speed of light.
* {{YouTube|C2VMO7pcWhg|Animation clip}} visualizing the Lorentz transformation.
* [http://math.ucr.edu/~jdp/Relativity/SpecialRelativity.html Original interactive FLASH Animations] from John de Pillis illustrating Lorentz and Galilean frames, Train and Tunnel Paradox, the Twin Paradox, Wave Propagation, Clock Synchronization, etc.
* [http://lightspeed.sourceforge.net/ lightspeed] An OpenGL-based program developed to illustrate the effects of special relativity on the appearance of moving objects.
* [http://specialrelativity.net/animations/starfield/starfield.html?beta=0.8&color=on&circles=on&avgstellardensity=0.11&starpopulation=yalebsc&limitingMag=5&projection=stereographic&anim=on&runningTime=8 Animation] showing the stars near Earth, as seen from a spacecraft accelerating rapidly to light speed.
{{mbegu-fizikia}}
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