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Mwanahabari : Tofauti kati ya masahihisho

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Journalists sometimes expose themselves to danger, especially when reporting in areas of [[Vita|armed conflict]] or in places that do not respect the freedom of the press. Organizations such as Reporters Without Borders publish reports on press freedom and advocate for press freedom. The Committee to Protect Journalists has reported that as of 1 December 2010, 145 journalists were imprisoned around the world for reporting the news. Current numbers are even higher. The ten countries with the most journalists currently imprisoned are [[Uturuki|Turkey]] (95), [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China]] (34), [[Uajemi|Iran]] (34), [[Eritrea]] (17), [[Myanmar|Burma]] (13), [[Uzbekistan]] (six), [[Vietnam]] (five), [[Kuba|Cuba]] (four), [[Ethiopia]] (four), and [[Sudan]] (three).<ref>{{Cite web|author=Iran, China drive prison tally to 14-year high|url=http://cpj.org/reports/2010/12/cpj-journalist-prison-census-iran-china-highest-14-years.php|title=Iran, China drive prison tally to 14-year high (December 8, 2010). Committee to Protect Journalists. Retrieved November 18, 2011|publisher=Cpj.org|accessdate=2013-04-16}}</ref>
[[Picha:Reporter_from_CN8_at_the_Petco_gas_explosion_20050304.jpg|thumb| Mwandishi wa runinga akiwa ameshika [[Kinasasauti|mikrofoni]] . ]]
[[Picha:12-06-05-aut-rom-freundschaftsspiel-006.jpg|250px|thumb|Wanahabari wapiga picha wakati wa mechi ya kananda]]
Mwana'''habariMwanahabari''' ni mtu anayefanya kazi katika [[uandishi wa habari]] akikusanya, kutayarisha na kusambaza [[habari]] . Anaweza kufanya kazi akiajiriwa na [[gazeti]], redio au kituo cha televisheni au kama mkandarasi wa kuitegemeakujitegemea akiuza kazi yake kama makala, picha au filamu. Wanahabari huajiriwa pia na makampuni, taasisi au ofisi za serikali zinazolenga kueleza kazi yao katika jamii.
 
Akiwa mwaandishi wa habari wa gazeti huandika nakala za habari na hadithi kwa magazeti. Katika maandalizi ya makala ataongea na watu, kufutilia habari kwa jumla, kufanya utafiti na mahojiano na watu wanaohusika katika habari anayoandaa. Akiona kuna tofauti jinsi gani tukio au tatizo linatazamiwa na watu atajaribu kuonyesha pande zote mbili.
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== Hatari za kazi ==
[[file:Press freedom 2019.svg|thumb|350px|Hali ya uhuru wa uandishi habari duniani 2019 ''(Press Freedom Index 2019)''<br />{{color|#265c9d|Hali nzuri}} - {{color|#96afd8|Hali ya kuridhika}} - {{color|#ffb400|Matatizo dhahiri}} - {{color|#ff4100|Hali ngumu}} - {{color|#820000|Hali ngumu sana}}]]
Journalists sometimes expose themselves to danger, especially when reporting in areas of [[Vita|armed conflict]] or in places that do not respect the freedom of the press. Organizations such as Reporters Without Borders publish reports on press freedom and advocate for press freedom. The Committee to Protect Journalists has reported that as of 1 December 2010, 145 journalists were imprisoned around the world for reporting the news. Current numbers are even higher. The ten countries with the most journalists currently imprisoned are [[Uturuki|Turkey]] (95), [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China]] (34), [[Uajemi|Iran]] (34), [[Eritrea]] (17), [[Myanmar|Burma]] (13), [[Uzbekistan]] (six), [[Vietnam]] (five), [[Kuba|Cuba]] (four), [[Ethiopia]] (four), and [[Sudan]] (three).<ref>{{Cite web|author=Iran, China drive prison tally to 14-year high|url=http://cpj.org/reports/2010/12/cpj-journalist-prison-census-iran-china-highest-14-years.php|title=Iran, China drive prison tally to 14-year high (December 8, 2010). Committee to Protect Journalists. Retrieved November 18, 2011|publisher=Cpj.org|accessdate=2013-04-16}}</ref>
Kazi yao inaingiza wanahabari wakati mwingini hatarini. Hii inatokea hasa wakifanya ripoti katika maeneo ya vita au mapigano makali, lakini pia wakifanya kazi katika maeneo ambako [[uhuru wa uandishi habari]] hauheshimiwi au vikundi vya wahalifu wakali wanataka kuzuia habari juu ya matendo yao. Ingawa nchi karibu zote zimekubali [[Azimio la Kimataifa juu ya Haki za Binadamu]] ambamo Kifungu cha 19 inasema "Kila mmoja ana haki ya uhuru wa kutoa na kueleza maoni yake; haki hii inahusu pia uhuru wa kushikilia maoni yake bila kuingiliwa kati na uhuru wa kutafuta na kutoa habari na moni kwa njiayoyote bila kujali mipaka", hali halisi nchi nyingi hazifuati kanuni hizi. Kufuatana na Kamati ya Kimataifa ya Kulinda Wanahabari (Committee to Protect Journalists) kwenye mwaka 2010 wanahabari 251 walikuwa wakifungwa jela kwa kazi yao <ref>[https://cpj.org/reports/2018/12/journalists-jailed-imprisoned-turkey-china-egypt-saudi-arabia.php Hundreds of journalists jailed globally becomes the new normal], tovuti ya Committee to Protect Journalists, iliangaliwa Oktoba 2019</ref> Nchi penye wanahabari wengi katika jeli ni: [[Uturuki]] (95), [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] (34), [[Iran]] (34), [[Eritrea]] (17), [[Myanmar]] (13), [[Uzbekistan]] (6), [[Vietnam]] (5), [[Kuba]] (4), [[Ethiopia]] (4) na [[Sudan]] (3).<ref>{{Cite web|author=Iran, China drive prison tally to 14-year high|url=http://cpj.org/reports/2010/12/cpj-journalist-prison-census-iran-china-highest-14-years.php|title=Iran, China drive prison tally to 14-year high (December 8, 2010). Committee to Protect Journalists. Retrieved November 18, 2011|publisher=Cpj.org|accessdate=2013-04-16}}</ref>
 
Wanahabari wanauawa pi kazini. Katika mwaka 2019 wanahabari 16 waliuawa kazini katika miezi 9 hadi Oktoba, 5 nchini Meksiko na 2 Somalia. 9 waliuawa ili kulipza kisasi kuhusu taarifa zao au kuwazuia wasiendelee, wengine waliripoti kutoka mapambano ambako silaha zilitumiwa wakipigwa risasi.<ref>[https://cpj.org/data/killed/2019/?status=Killed&motiveConfirmed%5B%5D=Confirmed&type%5B%5D=Journalist&start_year=2019&end_year=2019&group_by=location 16 journalists killed in 2019, motives confirmed] tovuti ya Committee to Protect Journalists, iliangaliwa Oktoba 2019</ref>
 
== Marejeo ==
<references/>
 
== KusomaMarejeo zaidimengine ==
 
* Nathaniel C. Fowler (1913) [https://books.google.com/books?id=9RlIAAAAIAAJ ''Kitabu cha Uandishi wa Habari: Zote kuhusu Newspaper Work''] New York: Sully and Kleinteich.
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* Ejijah M. Stone (1921) [https://books.google.com/books?id=W544AAAAIAAJ ''Miaka hamsini na Mwandishi wa Habari''] New York: Mashaka, Ukurasa na Kampuni. [http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/1520155 OCLC 1520155]
* Donald Woods (1981) [https://books.google.com/books?id=G-8OAAAAMAAJ ''Kuuliza kwa Shida: Magazeti ya mwandishi wa habari aliyezuiliwa''] New York: Atheneum.   [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]] &nbsp; [[Special:BookSources/978-0-689-11159-4|978-0-689-11159-4]] ; [http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/6864121 OCLC 6864121]
 
[[Jamii:Waandishi wa habari]]
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