Pitio la 15:27, 3 Desemba 2019 hariri Riccardo Riccioni (majadiliano \| michango) Warasimu, Wakabidhi 123,288 edits No edit summary ← Badilisho lililopita		Pitio la 15:27, 3 Desemba 2019 hariri tengua Riccardo Riccioni (majadiliano \| michango) Warasimu, Wakabidhi 123,288 edits No edit summary Badilisho lijalo →
Mstari 1: [[Picha:Giswil06.JPG\|300px\|thumb\|Mto wa mlimani husafirisha hata mawe makubwa katika mashapo yake.]] [[Picha:Red sandstone, Hilbre Island.JPG\|300px\|thumb\|Milia katika jiwe mchanga inaonyesha jinsi mashapo yalivyobaki moja juu ya mengine katika mwendo wa mamilioni ya miaka na kuwa mwamba mashapo baadaye.]] '''Mashapo''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]]: [[''sediment]]'') ni vipande vidogo vya [[mata]] thabiti vilivyovunjika na [[nguvu]] za [[maji]], [[barafu]], [[upepo]], kwa njia ya [[mmomonyoko]] na mabadiliko ya [[halijoto]], halafu kusafirishwa na maji, barafu, upepo au mvuto wa [[graviti]]. Vipande hivyo vilivyovunjika hutokea kama [[matope]], [[mchanga]] na [[Jiwe\|mawe]]. Vikisafirishwa na maji ya [[mto]] vinabaki chini baadaye, wakati nguvu ya maji inapungua. Sehemu kubwa inafika baharini; kiasi cha mashapo yote kutoka mito yanayoishia baharini ni vigumu kukitaja kwa uhakika, kiliwahi kukadiriwa kuwa [[tani]] 13.5-15 x 10 (tani [[bilioni]] 15)<small><sup>9</sup></small><ref>[https://www.jstor.org/stable/30060512?read-now=1&refreqid=excelsior%3Afa69a60655f001005c6598e181ca29ae&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents John D. Milliman & Robert H. Meade: World-Wide Delivery of River Sediment to the Oceans], The Journal of Geology Vol. 91, No. 1 (Jan., 1983), pp. 1-21</ref> hadi tani bilioni 20<ref>[https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/WR004i004p00737 John N. Holeman: The Sediment Yield of Major Rivers of the World], Water Resources Research, First published: August 1968 https://doi.org/10.1029/WR004i004p00737</ref> kwa [[mwaka]].

Mashapo : Tofauti kati ya masahihisho