Homo : Tofauti kati ya masahihisho

'''''Homo''''' ni [[jenasi]] inayojumlishaambayo katika [[uainishaji wa kisayansi]] inajumlisha [[binadamu]] na [[spishi]] zilizokwishazilizokoma zinazofananazilizofanana naye sana.

[[Jina]] ''homo'' ni la [[Kilatini]], likiwa na maana ya "mtu", na kiasilikwa [[asili]] linahusiana na [[neno]] ''humus'', "[[ardhi]]".<ref>[http://www.bartleby.com/61/roots/IE104.html dhghem] The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000.</ref>

Jenasi hiyo inakadiriwa kuanza kuwepo walau miaka [[milioni]] 2.31 milioni- 2.8 iliyopita<ref name="encylopediahumanevolution">{{cite book|title= The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Evolution | author=Stringer, C.B. | chapter=Evolution of early humans | editors=Steve Jones, Robert Martin & David Pilbeam (eds.)| year=1994 | publisher= Cambridge University Press | location= Cambridge |isbn= 0-521-32370-3 | page=242}} Also ISBN 0-521-46786-1 (paperback)</ref><ref name="evolutionthe1st4billionyears">{{cite book|title= Evolution: The First Four Billion Years| author=McHenry, H.M | chapter=Human Evolution | editors=Michael Ruse & Joseph Travis | year=2009 | publisher= The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press | location = Cambridge, Massachusetts |isbn=978-0-674-03175-3 | page=265}}</ref> kutokana na nusukabila [[Australopithecina]].

[[Spishi]] ya kwanza ya jenasi hiyo inawezekana ilikuwa ile ya ''[[Homo habilis]]'', anayefikiriwa kutokana na ''[[Australopithecus garhi]]''. Lakini mnamo Mei [[2010]] yalipatikana mabaki ya ''[[Homo gautengensis]]'', spishi inayofikiriwa na wengine kuwa ya kale kuliko Homo habilis.<ref name="toothy">[http://news.discovery.com/human/human-ancestor-tree-swinger.html "Toothy Tree-Swinger May Be Earliest Human"]</ref>

Kutokana na ''Homo habilis'' walipatikana miaka milioni 2 iliyopita ''[[Homo ergastererectus]]'' aliyekuwa wa kwanza kusimama daima juu ya [[miguu]] yake miwili, ''[[HomoWawindaji-wakusanyaji|kuwinda]] erectusna kumudu [[moto]]'', na ambaye alienea kote [[Asia]] na [[Ulaya]] (waliobaki [[Afrika]] wanaitwa ''[[Homo georgicusergaster]]'',) kabla ya kugawanyika katika spishi mpya mbalimbali kama ''[[Homo antecessorgeorgicus]]'', ''[[Homo rhodesiensisantecessor]]'', ''[[Homo heidelbergensis]]'' n.k. Kufikia miaka 100,000 au 50,000 hivi iliyopita, zote zilikuwa zimekoma, isipokuwa kutokana na Homo heidelbergensis miaka 300,000 hivi iliyopita alikuwa amepatikana Homo Sapiens.

Baadhi ya [[wataalamu]] wanahesabu ''[[Homo neanderthalensis]]'' na mtu wa [[Denisova]] labda nikama [[nususpishi]] za ''Homo sapiens'' zilizoweza kuzaliana na watu wa kisasa waliotokea [[Afrika]].<ref>Green RE, Krause J, et al. A draft sequence of the Neandertal genome. Science. 2010 7 Mei;328(5979):710-22. {{DOI|10.1126/science.1188021}} PMID 20448178 </ref><ref>^ Reich D, Green RE, Kircher M, et al. (Desemba 2010). "Genetic history of an archaic hominin group from Denisova Cave in Siberia". Nature 468 (7327): 1053–60. doi:10.1038/nature09710. PMID 21179161.</ref><ref>Reich D ., et al. Denisova admixture and the first modern human dispersals into southeast Asia and Oceania. Am J Hum Genet. 2011 Oct 7;89(4):516-28, {{DOI|10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.09.005}} PMID 21944045.</ref>