Terakota : Tofauti kati ya masahihisho

Content deleted Content added
Created by translating the page "Terracotta"
No edit summary
Mstari 1:
[[Picha:Bell_Edison_Telephone_Building.jpg|right|thumb|200x200px| Sura ya Jengo la Simu la Bell Edison, [[Birmingham]], England linaonyesha uzuri wa terakota.]]
[[Picha:FCCeramBldgDeco.jpg|right|thumb|200x200px| Mapambo ya ujenziterakota wailiyotiwa glazedrangi na tabaka la kioo, katika nyumba ya [[Mji Haramu|Jiji lililokatazwa]], [[Beijing]], Uchina. ]]
[[Picha:GD-FR-LouvreEG126.JPG|thumb|267x267px| Sehemu ya sanamu kutoka Misri ya Kale, inayoonyesha huzuni ya mungu Isis akiomboleza kumpoteza Osiris (Nasaba ya Kumi na Nane, [[Misri ya Kale]] ) Musée du [[Louvre]], [[Paris]]]]
'''Terakota''' ni jina kwa vifaa na sanaa vya ufinyanzi vinavyotengenezwa kwa kutumia udongo mwekundu unaochomwa, mara nyingi bila ganda la kioo usoni mwake. <ref>[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/terra-cotta Merriam-Webster.com]</ref> <ref>‘Diagnosis Of Terra-Cotta Glaze Spalling.’ S.E. Thomasen, C.L. Searls. ''Masonry: Materials, Design, Construction and Maintenance''. ASTM STP 992 Philadelphia, USA, 1988. American Society for Testing & Materials.</ref> <ref>‘Colour Degradation In A Terra Cotta Glaze’ H.J. Lee, W.M. Carty, J.Gill. ''Ceram.Eng.Sci.Proc.'' 21, No.2, 2000, p.45-58.</ref> <ref>‘High-lead glaze compositions and alterations: example of Byzantine tiles.’ A. Bouquillon. C. Pouthas. ''Euro Ceramics V. Pt.2. Trans Tech Publications'', Switzerland,1997, p.1487-1490 Quote: “A collection of architectural Byzantine tiles in glazed terra cotta is stored and exhibited in the Art Object department of the Louvre Museum as well as in the Musee de la Ceramique de Sèvres.”</ref> <ref>'Industrial Ceramics.' F.Singer, S.S.Singer. Chapman & Hall. 1971. Quote: "The lighter pieces that are glazed may also be termed 'terracotta.'</ref>
 
Jina limepokelewa kutoka Kiitalia ''terracotta'' ("udongo uliopikwa"). Kimsingi hakuna tofauti kubwa kati ya matofali ya kuchomwa na terakota, ila kazi za terakota ni lazima kutekelezwa kwa umakini zaidi na kuchagua vema udongo unaofaa.
 
Mifano ya kazi za terakota ni pamoja na sanamu, vyombo vya mapambo, picha kwenye uso wa vyombo, pia sura ya mapambo ya nyumba, lakini pia vifaa sahili kama mabomba ya ufinyanzi kwa maji.
 
Mifano mashuhuri sana ni sanamu za tamaduni za kale zilizodumu miaka mielfu kwa sababu udongo wa ufinyanzi, kama iliteuliwa vema na kuchomwa vema, utadumu karne nyingi. Kati ya mifano mashuhuri ni sanamu za "Jeshi la Terakota" pale China, sanamu za Nok na terakota za Ugiriki ya kale.
 
 
Rangi ya vifaa visivyotiwa ganda la kioo mara nyingi ni nyekundu-kahawia; kuna pia mifano ya njano inayotumia udongo tofauti.
 
Terakota inapokea rangi lakini haiwezi kung'aa hadi kuchomwa mara ya pili ambako uso wa nje hufunikwa na tabaka la kioo.
 
== Marejeo ==