Ufalme wa Ashanti : Tofauti kati ya masahihisho

[[Picha:Asante map.jpg|450px|thumb|Ramani ya Ashanti.]]

[[Picha:Flag of Ashanti.svg|250px|thumb|Bendera ya Ashanti.]]

Milki hiihiyo ilianzishwa mnamo mwaka [[1700]] na [[mfalme]] [[Osei Tutu]] ([[1695]] c. 1695hivi &#x2013; [[1717]]) na mshauri wake [[Okomfo Anokye]]. [[Kiti cha dhahabu|Kiti cha Dhahabu]] cha Ashanti ilikuwakilikuwa [[ishara]] ya kuunganisha ufalme. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Osei Tutu {{!}} king of Asante empire|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Osei-Tutu|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|accessdate=2020-05-30}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Asante Kingdom|url=https://www.iriemag.com/rock-asante-kingdom/|work=Irie Magazine|accessdate=2020-12-04}}</ref> Osei Tutu alisimamia upanuzi mkubwa wa eneo la Ashanti akaanzisha mfumo mpya wa kijeshi uliofanya [[askari]] wa Waashanti washindi katika [[vita]] zilizofuata. <ref name="Collins and Burns (2007), p. 140.">Collins and Burns (2007), p. 140.</ref> Mnamo mwaka wa 1701 [[jeshi]] la Ashanti lilishinda [[milki ya Denkyira]]. [[Ushindi]] huo uliipauliwapa AshantiWaashanti njia ya kufikia [[mwambao]] wa [[Ghuba ya Guinea]] na kuwawezesha kuingia katika bishara[[biashara]] na [[Wazungu]], haswa [[Waholanzi]] na [[Wareno]]. [[Uchumi]] wa Ufalme wa Ashanti ulistawi hasa kutokana na biashara ya [[dhahabu]] na [[Biashara ya watumwa ya Atlantiki|watumwa]].<ref name="Green, Toby">{{Cite book|title=A fistful of shells : West Africa from the rise of the slave trade to the age of revolution|last=Green|first=Toby|isbn=978-0-241-00328-2|edition=Penguin Books Ltd. Kindle-Version|location=London|pages=108, 247}}</ref> Jeshi la Ashanti lilitumika kama zana madhubuti ya kupata mateka waliouzwa kama watumwa. <ref name="Shumway, Rebecca">{{Cite book|title=The Fante and the transatlantic slave trade|last=Shumway|first=Rebecca|isbn=978-1-78204-572-4|location=Rochester, NY|page=237}}</ref>

Ufalme wa Ashanti ulipigana vita kadhaa na falme za jirani na [[makabila]] madogo kama vile [[Wafante ]]. Waashanti walifaulu kujitetea dhidi ya [[uvamizi]] wa [[Milki ya Uingereza]] katika vita mbili; walimwua [[jenerali]] [[Mwingereza]] [[Sir]] [[Charles MacCarthy]] mwaka [[1824]] wakapamba [[fuvu]] lake kwa kulifunika na [[dhahabu]] na kulitumia kama [[kikombe]] cha kunywea..

Katika vita zilizofuata Waingereza walifaulu kutokana na matumizi ya [[teknolojia]] ya [[silaha]] iliyoendelea na baada ya vita ya tano kati ya Uingereza na Ashanti ufalme wote ulikuwa sehemu ya [[koloni]] yala [[Gold Coast]] tangu [[1 JanuarJanuari]] [[1902]].

Leo, Ufalme wa Ashanti umebaki kama sehemu ya [[Jamhuri]] ya Ghana. Unatambuliwa kama "mamlaka ya kimila" ukitajwa vile katika [[katiba]] ya Ghana. <ref name="Roeder">{{Cite book|title=Where Nation-States Come From: Institutional Change in the Age of Nationalism|last=Roeder|first=Philip|date=2007|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0691134673|location=Princeton|page=281}}</ref>

Mfalme wa sasa ni Otumfuo Osei Tutu II Asantehene . [[Ziwa Bosumtwi]] ambalo ni [[ziwa]] asilia pekee asilia ya Ghana liko ndani ya ufalme. <ref name="Collins and Burns">Collins and Burns (2007), p. 139.</ref>

[[Picha:Lake_Bosumtwi,_Ghana.jpg|thumb| [[Mlima|Milima ya]] Ashanti na Ziwa Bosumtwi .]]

Ufalme wa Ashanti ulikuwa mmoja kati ya falme kwenye [[pwani]] laya [[Afrika ya Magharibi]], pamoja na [[Dahomey]], [[Benin]], na [[Oyo ]]. Ufalme wa Ashanti ulikuwa na [[milima]] na [[kilimo]] uliostawi. <ref name="Obeng, J. Pashington page 20">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zh9jIVu2CyEC&pg=PA20|title=Asante Catholicism: Religious and Cultural Reproduction Among the Akan of Ghana|last=Obeng|first=J. Pashington|date=1996|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-10631-4|pages=20|language=en|quote=An empire of a hundred thousand square miles, occupied by about three million people from different ethnic groups, made it imperative for the Asante to evolve sophisticated statal and parastatal institutions [...]}}</ref> Sehemu ya [[kusini]] ya Ufalme wa Ashanti imefunikwa na [[misitu]] wenye unyevunyevu, lakini [[kaskazini]] ni kavu zaidi ikiwa eneo la [[savana]] penyelenye [[miti]] mifupi inayoweza kuvumilia [[moto]].

MaenoMaeneo ndani ya Ashanti yalikuwa na [[dhahabu]] kutoka [[mito]], [[kakao]] na [[mikola]]. Waashanti walitumia [[bidhaa]] hizo katika biashara yao na Wareno kwenye pwani, na milki jirani za [[Dola la Songhai|Songhai]] na [[Wahausa]].<ref name="Britannica">{{Cite web|title=Osei Tutu {{!}} king of Asante empire|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Osei-Tutu|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|accessdate=2020-05-30}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Osei-Tutu "Osei Tutu | king of Asante empire"]. ''Encyclopedia Britannica''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-30</span></span>.</cite></ref>

[[Utumwa ]] ulikuwa sehemu ya [[utamaduni]] katika Ufalme wa Ashanti. Kwa kawaida watumwa walipatikana kama mateka kutoka kwa maadui katika vita. Ashanti ilikuwa [[dola]] penyelenye watumwa wengi katika eneo la Ghana ya leo, ilikuwa pia chanzo kikuu cha watumwa kwa [[Biashara ya utumwa kupitia Atlantiki|biashara ya watumwa ya Atlantiki.]] <ref>{{Cite book|title=A history of indigenous slavery in Ghana : from the 15th to the 19th century|last=Perbi|first=Akosua Adoma|date=2004|publisher=Sub-Saharan Publishers|isbn=9789988550325|location=Legon, Accra, Ghana|page=23}}</ref>

Kimila ustawi wa watumwa ulitegemea hali ya mabwana wao. Wengine waliweza kuwa na [[mali]] ya binafsi, na hata kuoa au kuolewa katika [[familia]] ya bwana wao. Watumwa wakati mwingine wangewezawaliweza kumiliki watumwa wengine, na pia wangeweza kuulizakuomba bwana mpya ikiwa mtumwa aliaminiwaliamini kuwa ananyanyaswawananyanyaswa sana. <ref>Rodriguez, Junius P. ''The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery, Volume 1'', 1997. p. 53.</ref> Lakini ilikuwa pia kawaida kuwatoa kama [[Dhabihu ya wanadamu|dhabihu]] wakati wa [[mazishi]] ya bwana.

Mateka waliokamatwa kwa kusudi la kuwauza kwa [[wafanyabiashara]] Wazungu kwenye vituo vya pwani walitendewa kama bidhaa.