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Mtumiaji:HBR/Test Artikle Elementi za kikemia als Table : Tofauti kati ya masahihisho

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Mstari 1:
'''Elementi ya Kikemia''' ni dutu yenye tabia maalumu isiyotenganishwa kuwa [[dutu]] tofauti kwa mbinu za [[Kemia]]. Elementi tupu ina aina moja ya [[atomi]] tu ndani yake.
 
==Dutu na elementi==
Kwa mfano maji ni dutu na ndani yake kuna atomi za [[hidrojeni]] na za [[oksijeni]]. Atomi hizi zinashikana kama [[molekuli]]. Kwa kuongeza nishati inawezekana kutenganisha hidrojeni na oksijeni kuwa dutu mbili tofauti. Kila moja peke yake haina kitu kingine ndani yake kumbe ni elementi.
 
Inawezekana kupasua hata atomi lakini hii si kazi ya kemia bali ni [[fizikia]].
 
==Elementi asilia na elementi sintetiki==
Kwa jumla kuna elementi 116 zinazojulikana katika Kemia zimo katika [[jedwali la elementi]] linaloitwa pia "mfumo radidia".
 
Kati ya hizi 116 ni 90 zinazopatikana kiasili. Nyingine zinatengenezwa katika maabara na hazidumu sana. Hizi [[elementi sintetiki]] zinakaa muda fupi za sekunde lakini nyingine zinakaa miaka.
 
==Alama na hali maada==
Kila elementi ina alama yake ya kikemia jinsi inavyoonekana katika [[jedwali la elementi]].
 
Elementi zinatokea kwa [[hali maada]] tofauti. Duniani kuna hali za [[mango]], [[kiowevu]] na [[gesi]]. Penye joto kali kama katika jua kuna pia hali ya [[utegili]] (plasma).
==Orodha ya elementi==
Orodha hii inaorodhesha [[elementi za kikemia]] katika [[mfumo radidia]] kufuatana na herufi za alfabeti.
 
{| class="prettytable sortable" style="width:100%;"
|- class="hintergrundfarbe6"
! width="6%" | Jina la Elementi)
! width="8%" | Kiingereza ([[IUPAC]])
! width="6%" | Alama
! Ordnungs-<br />zahl
! [[Uzani atomia]]<br />[u]
! [[Densiti]]<br /><small>[kg/m³] (20 °C)</small>
! Kiwango <br />cha kuyeyuka<br />(°C)
! Kiwango <br />cha kuchemka<br />(°C)
! <i>Founded<i>
! <i>Founder</i>
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Aktini]] || actinium || Ac || 89 ||align="right" | 227,03 ||align="right" | 10070 ||align="right" | 1047 ||align="right" | 3197 || 1899 ||align="left" | [[André-Louis Debierne|Debierne]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Alumini]] || aluminium || Al || 13 ||align="right" | 26,98 ||align="right" | 2700 ||align="right" | 660,5 ||align="right" | 2467 || 1825 ||align="left" | [[Hans Christian Ørsted|Ørsted]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Ameriki]] || americium || Am || 95 ||align="right" | 243,06 ||align="right" | 13670 ||align="right" | 994 ||align="right" | 2607 || 1944 ||align="left" | [[Glenn Theodore Seaborg|Seaborg]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Stibi]] || antimony || Sb || 51 ||align="right" | 121,75 ||align="right" | 6690 ||align="right" | 630,7 ||align="right" | 1750 || (?) ||align="left" | (?)
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Arigoni]] || argon || Ar || 18 ||align="right" | 39,94 ||align="right" | 1,66 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -189,4</span> −189,4 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -185,9</span> −185,9 || 1894 ||align="left" | [[William Ramsay|Ramsay]],<br /> [[John William Strutt, 3. Baron Rayleigh|Strutt]]
|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Aseniki]] || arsenic || As || 33 ||align="right" | 74,92 ||align="right" | 5720 || 613 <sup><small>2)</small></sup> || 613&nbsp;<sup><small>2)</small></sup> || 11. Jhd. ||align="left" | [[Albertus Magnus]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Astatini]] || astatine || At || 85 ||align="right" | 209,99 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | 302 ||align="right" | 337 || 1940 ||align="left" | [[Emilio Segrè|Segrè]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Bari]] || barium || Ba || 56 ||align="right" | 137,33 ||align="right" | 3650 ||align="right" | 725 ||align="right" | 1640 || 1808 ||align="left" | [[Humphry Davy|Davy]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Berkeli]] || berkelium || Bk || 97 ||align="right" | 247,07 ||align="right" | 13250 ||align="right" | 986 ||align="right" | <br /> || 1949 ||align="left" | [[Glenn Theodore Seaborg|Seaborg]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Berili]] || beryllium || Be || 4 ||align="right" | 9,01 ||align="right" | 1850 ||align="right" | 1278 ||align="right" | 2970 || 1797 ||align="left" | [[Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin|Vauquelin]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Bismuthi]] || bismuth || Bi || 83 ||align="right" | 208,98 ||align="right" | 9800 ||align="right" | 271,4 ||align="right" | 1560 || 1540 ||align="left" | [[Georgius Agricola|Agricola]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Plumbi]] || lead || Pb || 82 ||align="right" | 207,2 ||align="right" | 11340 ||align="right" | 327,5 ||align="right" | 1740 || (?) ||align="left" | (?)
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Bori]] || bohrium || Bh || 107 ||align="right" | 262,12 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> || 1976 ||align="left" | [[Juri Zolakowitsch Oganessian|Oganessian]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Boroni]] || borium || B || 5 ||align="right" | 10,81 ||align="right" | 2460 ||align="right" | 2300 ||align="right" | 2550 || 1808 ||align="left" | [[Humphry Davy|Davy]],<br /> [[Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac|Gay-Lussac]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Bromi]] || bromine || Br || 35 ||align="right" | 79,90 ||align="right" | 3140 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -007,3</span>−7,3 ||align="right" | 58,8 || 1826 ||align="left" | [[Antoine-Jérôme Balard|Balard]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Kadimi ]] || cadmium || Cd || 48 ||align="right" | 112,41 ||align="right" | 8640 ||align="right" | 321 ||align="right" | 765 || 1817 ||align="left" | [[Friedrich Stromeyer|Stromeyer]] und <br /> [[Carl Samuel Hermann|Hermann]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Sizi]] || cesium || Cs || 55 ||align="right" | 132,91 ||align="right" | 1900 ||align="right" | 28,4 ||align="right" | 690 || 1860 ||align="left" | [[Gustav Robert Kirchhoff|Kirchhoff]], <br /> [[Robert Wilhelm Bunsen|Bunsen]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Kalisi]] || calcium || Ca || 20 ||align="right" | 40,078 ||align="right" | 1540 ||align="right" | 839 ||align="right" | 1487 || 1808 ||align="left" | [[Humphry Davy|Davy]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Kalifoni]] || californium || Cf || 98 ||align="right" | 251,08 ||align="right" | 15100 ||align="right" | 900 ||align="right" | <br /> || 1950 ||align="left" | [[Glenn Theodore Seaborg|Seaborg]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Seri]] || cerium || Ce || 58 ||align="right" | 140,11 ||align="right" | 6770 ||align="right" | 798 ||align="right" | 3257 || 1803 ||align="left" | [[Wilhelm von Hisinger|von Hisinger]], [[Jöns Jakob Berzelius|Berzelius]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Klorini]] || chlorine || Cl || 17 ||align="right" | 35,45 ||align="right" | 2,95 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -101</span>−101 ||align="right" |<span style="display:none"> -034,6</span> −34,6 || 1774 ||align="left" | [[Carl Wilhelm Scheele|Scheele]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Kromi]] || chromium || Cr || 24 ||align="right" | 52,00 ||align="right" | 7140 ||align="right" | 1857 ||align="right" | 2482 || 1797 ||align="left" | [[Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin|Vauquelin]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Kobalti]] || cobalt || Co || 27 ||align="right" | 58,933 ||align="right" | 8890 ||align="right" | 1495 ||align="right" | 2870 || 1735 ||align="left" | [[Georg Brandt|Brandt]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Kuri]] || curium || Cm || 96 ||align="right" | 247,07 ||align="right" | 13510 ||align="right" | 1340 ||align="right" | 3110 || 1944 ||align="left" | [[Glenn Theodore Seaborg|Seaborg]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Darmstati]] || darmstadtium || Ds || 110 ||align="right" | 269 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> || 1994 ||align="left" | [[Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung|GSI]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Dubni]] || dubnium || Db || 105 ||align="right" | 262,11 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> || 1967/70 ||align="left" | [[Albert Ghiorso|Ghiorso]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Disprosi]] || Disprosi || Dy || 66 ||align="right" | 162,5 ||align="right" | 8560 ||align="right" | 1409 ||align="right" | 2335 || 1886 ||align="left" | [[Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran|Lecoq de Boisbaudran]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Einsteini]] || einsteinium || Es || 99 ||align="right" | 252,08 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | 860 ||align="right" | <br /> || 1952 ||align="left" | [[Glenn Theodore Seaborg|Seaborg]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Feri]] (chuma) || iron || Fe || 26 ||align="right" | 55,85 ||align="right" | 7870 ||align="right" | 1535 ||align="right" | 2750 || (?) ||align="left" | (?)
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Erbi]] || erbium || Er || 68 ||align="right" | 167,26 ||align="right" | 9050 ||align="right" | 1522 ||align="right" | 2510 || 1842 ||align="left" | [[Carl Gustav Mosander|Mosander]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Europi]] || europium || Eu || 63 ||align="right" | 151,96 ||align="right" | 5250 ||align="right" | 822 ||align="right" | 1597 || 1901 ||align="left" | [[Eugène-Anatole Demarçay|Demarçay]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Fermi]] || fermium || Fm || 100 ||align="right" | 257,10 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> || 1952 ||align="left" | [[Glenn Theodore Seaborg|Seaborg]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Florini]] || flourine || F || 9 ||align="right" | 19,00 ||align="right" | 1,58 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -219,6</span>−219,6 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -188,1</span> −188,1 || 1886 ||align="left" | [[Henri Moissan|Moissan]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Fransi]] || francium || Fr || 87 ||align="right" | 223,02 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | 27 ||align="right" | 677 || 1939 ||align="left" | [[Marguerite Perey|Perey]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Gadolini]] || gabolinium || Gd || 64 ||align="right" | 157,25 ||align="right" | 7890 ||align="right" | 1311 ||align="right" | 3233 || 1880 ||align="left" | [[Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac|de Marignac]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Gali]] || gallium || Ga || 31 ||align="right" | 69,72 ||align="right" | 5910 ||align="right" | 29,8 ||align="right" | 2403 || 1875 ||align="left" | [[Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran|Lecoq de Boisbaudran]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Germani]] || germanium || Ge || 32 ||align="right" | 72,61 ||align="right" | 5320 ||align="right" | 937,4 ||align="right" | 2830 || 1886 ||align="left" | [[Clemens Winkler|Winkler]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Auri]] (dhahabu) || gold || Au || 79 ||align="right" | 196,97 ||align="right" | 19320 ||align="right" | 1064,4 ||align="right" | 2940 || (?) ||align="left" | (?)
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Hafni]] || || Hf || 72 ||align="right" | 178,49 ||align="right" | 13310 ||align="right" | 2150 ||align="right" | 5400 || 1923 ||align="left" | [[Dirk Coster|Coster]], <br /> [[George de Hevesy|de Hevesy]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Hassi]] || || Hs || 108 ||align="right" | 265,00 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> || 1984 ||align="left" | [[Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung|GSI]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Heli]] || || He || 2 ||align="right" | 4,00 ||align="right" | 0,170 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -272,2</span>−272,2 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -268,9</span> −268,9 || 1895 ||align="left" | [[William Ramsay|Ramsay]],<br /> [[William Crookes|Crookes]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Holmi]] ? || holmium || Ho || 67 ||align="right" | 164,93 ||align="right" | 8780 ||align="right" | 1470 ||align="right" | 2720 || 1878 ||align="left" | [[Jacques Louis Soret|Soret]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Indi]] || indium || In || 49 ||align="right" | 114,82 ||align="right" | 7310 ||align="right" | 156,2 ||align="right" | 2080 || 1863 ||align="left" | [[Ferdinand Reich|Reich]],<br /> [[Theodor Richter|Richter]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Iodini]] || iodine || I || 53 ||align="right" | 126,90 ||align="right" | 4940 ||align="right" | 113,5 ||align="right" | 184,4 || 1811 ||align="left" | [[Bernard Courtois|Courtois]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Iridi]] || iridium || Ir || 77 ||align="right" | 192,22 ||align="right" | 22560 ||align="right" | 2410 ||align="right" | 4130 || 1803 ||align="left" | [[Smithson Tennant|Tennant]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Kali]] || potassium || K || 19 ||align="right" | 39,098 ||align="right" | 860 ||align="right" | 63,7 ||align="right" | 774 || 1807 ||align="left" | [[Humphry Davy|Davy]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Kaboni]] || carbon || C || 6 ||align="right" | 12,011 ||align="right" | 3510 ||align="right" | 3550 ||align="right" | 4827 || (?) ||align="left" | (?)
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Kriptoni]] || krypton || Kr || 36 ||align="right" | 83,80 ||align="right" | 3,48 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -156,6</span>−156,6 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -152,3</span>−152,3 || 1898 ||align="left" | [[William Ramsay|Ramsay]],<br /> [[Morris William Travers|Travers]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Kupri]] || copper || Cu || 29 ||align="right" | 63,55 ||align="right" | 8920 ||align="right" | 1083,5 ||align="right" | 2595 || (?) ||align="left" | (?)
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Lanthani]] || || La || 57 ||align="right" | 138,90 ||align="right" | 6160 ||align="right" | 920 ||align="right" | 3454 || 1839 ||align="left" | [[Carl Gustav Mosander|Mosander]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Lawirensi]] || lawrencium || Lr || 103 ||align="right" | 260,10 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | 1627 ||align="right" | <br /> || 1961 ||align="left" | [[Albert Ghiorso|Ghiorso]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Lithi]] || || Li || 3 ||align="right" | 6,94 ||align="right" | 530 ||align="right" | 180,5 ||align="right" | 1317 || 1817 ||align="left" | [[Johan August Arfwedson|Arfwedson]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Luteti]] || || Lu || 71 ||align="right" | 175,00 ||align="right" | 9840 ||align="right" | 1656 ||align="right" | 3315 || 1907 ||align="left" | [[Carl Auer von Welsbach|von Welsbach]],<br /> [[Georges Urbain|Urbain]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Magnesi]] || || Mg || 12 ||align="right" | 24,30 ||align="right" | 1740 ||align="right" | 648,8 ||align="right" | 1107 || 1828 ||align="left" | [[Antoine Bussy|Bussy]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Manganisi]] || || Mn || 25 ||align="right" | 54,90 ||align="right" | 7440 ||align="right" | 1244 ||align="right" | 2097 || 1774 ||align="left" | [[Johan Gottlieb Gahn|Gahn]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Maitniri]] || meitnerium || Mt || 109 ||align="right" | 266 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> || 1982 ||align="left" | [[Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung|GSI]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Mendelevi]] || medelevium || Md || 101 ||align="right" | 258,1 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> || 1955 ||align="left" | [[Glenn Theodore Seaborg|Seaborg]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Molibdeni]] || molybdenum || Mo || 42 ||align="right" | 95,94 ||align="right" | 10280 ||align="right" | 2617 ||align="right" | 5560 || 1778 ||align="left" | [[Carl Wilhelm Scheele|Scheele]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Natri]] || sodium || Na || 11 ||align="right" | 22,99 ||align="right" | 970 ||align="right" | 97,8 ||align="right" | 892 || 1807 ||align="left" | [[Humphry Davy|Davy]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Neodimi]] || neodyn || Nd || 60 ||align="right" | 144,24 ||align="right" | 7000 ||align="right" | 1010 ||align="right" | 3127 || 1895 ||align="left" | [[Carl Auer von Welsbach|von Welsbach]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Neoni]] || neon || Ne || 10 ||align="right" | 20,18 ||align="right" | 0,84 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -248,7</span> −248,7 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -246,1</span> −246,1 || 1898 ||align="left" | [[William Ramsay|Ramsay]]<br /> [[Morris William Travers|Travers]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Neptuni]] || neptunium || Np || 93 ||align="right" | 237,05 ||align="right" | 20480 ||align="right" | 640 ||align="right" | 3902 || 1940 ||align="left" | [[Edwin Mattison McMillan|McMillan]]<br /> [[Philip Hauge Abelson|Abelson]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Nikeli]] || nickel || Ni || 28 ||align="right" | 58,69 ||align="right" | 8910 ||align="right" | 1453 ||align="right" | 2732 || 1751 ||align="left" | [[Axel Frederic Cronstedt|Cronstedt]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Niobi]] || niobium || Nb || 41 ||align="right" | 92,91 ||align="right" | 8580 ||align="right" | 2468 ||align="right" | 4927 || 1801 ||align="left" | [[Charles Hatchett|Hatchet]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Nobeli]] || nobelium || No || 102 ||align="right" | 259,10 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> || 1958 ||align="left" | [[Glenn Theodore Seaborg|Seaborg]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Osmi]] || osmium || Os || 76 ||align="right" | 190,2 ||align="right" | 22590 ||align="right" | 3045 ||align="right" | 5027 || 1803 ||align="left" | [[Smithson Tennant|Tennant]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Paladi]] || palladium || Pd || 46 ||align="right" | 106,42 ||align="right" | 12020 ||align="right" | 1552 ||align="right" | 3140 || 1803 ||align="left" | [[William Hyde Wollaston|Wollaston]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Posfori]] || phosphorus || P || 15 ||align="right" | 30,97 ||align="right" | 1820 ||align="right" | 44 ||align="right" | 280 || 1669 ||align="left" | [[Hennig Brand|Brand]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Platini]] || platinium || Pt || 78 ||align="right" | 195,08 ||align="right" | 21450 ||align="right" | 1772 ||align="right" | 3827 || 1557 ||align="left" | [[Julius Caesar Scaliger|Scaliger]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Plutoni]] || plutonium || Pu || 94 ||align="right" | 244,06 ||align="right" | 19740 ||align="right" | 641 ||align="right" | 3327 || 1940 ||align="left" | [[Glenn Theodore Seaborg|Seaborg]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Poloni]] || polonium || Po || 84 ||align="right" | 208,98 ||align="right" | 9200 ||align="right" | 254 ||align="right" | 962 || 1898 ||align="left" | [[Marie Curie]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Praseodimi]] || praseodymium || Pr || 59 ||align="right" | 140,91 ||align="right" | 6480 ||align="right" | 931 ||align="right" | 3212 || 1895 ||align="left" | [[Carl Auer von Welsbach|von Welsbach]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Promethi]] || promethium || Pm || 61 ||align="right" | 146,92 ||align="right" | 7220 ||align="right" | 1080 ||align="right" | 2730 || 1945 ||align="left" | [[Jacob A. Marinsky|Marinsky]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Protaktini]] || protactinium || Pa || 91 ||align="right" | 231,04 ||align="right" | 15370 ||align="right" | 1554 ||align="right" | 4030 || 1917 ||align="left" | [[Kasimir Fajans|Fajans]]<br /> [[Otto Hahn|Hahn]],<br /> [[Lise Meitner|Meitner]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Hidrajiri]] || mercury || Hg || 80 ||align="right" | 200,59 ||align="right" | 13550 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -038,9</span> −38,9 ||align="right" | 356,6 || (?) ||align="left" | (?)
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Radi]] || radium || Ra || 88 ||align="right" | 226,03 ||align="right" | 5500 ||align="right" | 700 ||align="right" | 1140 || 1898 ||align="left" | [[Marie Curie|Marie]] und<br /> [[Pierre Curie]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Radoni]] || radon || Rn || 86 ||align="right" | 222,02 ||align="right" | 9,23 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -071</span> −71 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -061,8</span> −61,8 || 1900 ||align="left" | [[Friedrich Ernst Dorn|Dorn]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Reni]] || rhenium || Re || 75 ||align="right" | 186,21 ||align="right" | 21030 ||align="right" | 3180 ||align="right" | 5627 || 1925 ||align="left" | [[Walter Noddack|Noddack]],<br /> [[Ida Noddack-Tacke|Tacke]],<br /> [[Otto Berg|Berg]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Rodi]] || rhodium || Rh || 45 ||align="right" | 102,91 ||align="right" | 12410 ||align="right" | 1966 ||align="right" | 3727 || 1803 ||align="left" | [[William Hyde Wollaston|Wollaston]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Rentgeni]] || || Rg || 111 ||align="right" | 272 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> || 1994 ||align="left" | [[Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung|GSI]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Rubidi]] || || Rb || 37 ||align="right" | 85,45 ||align="right" | 1530 ||align="right" | 39 ||align="right" | 688 || 1861 ||align="left" | [[Robert Wilhelm Bunsen|Bunsen]],<br /> [[Gustav Robert Kirchhoff|Kirchhoff]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Rutheni]] || || Ru || 44 ||align="right" | 101,07 ||align="right" | 12450 ||align="right" | 2310 ||align="right" | 3900 || 1844 ||align="left" | [[Karl Ernst Claus|Claus]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Rutherfordi]] || || Rf || 104 ||align="right" | 261,11 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> || 1964/69 ||align="left" | [[Albert Ghiorso|Ghiorso]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Samari]] || || Sm || 62 ||align="right" | 150,36 ||align="right" | 7540 ||align="right" | 1072 ||align="right" | 1778 || 1879 ||align="left" | [[Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran|Lecoq de Boisbaudran]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Oksijeni]] || oxygen || O || 8 ||align="right" | 16,00 ||align="right" | 1,33 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -218,4</span> −218,4 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -182,9</span> −182,9 || 1774 ||align="left" | [[Joseph Priestley|Priestley]],<br /> [[Carl Wilhelm Scheele|Scheele]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Skandi]] || scandium || Sc || 21 ||align="right" | 44,96 ||align="right" | 2990 ||align="right" | 1539 ||align="right" | 2832 || 1879 ||align="left" | [[Lars Fredrik Nilson|Nilson]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Sulfuri]] || sulfur || S || 16 ||align="right" | 32,07 ||align="right" | 2060 ||align="right" | 113 ||align="right" | 444,7 || (?) ||align="left" | (?)
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Siborgi]] || seaborgium || Sg || 106 ||align="right" | 263,12 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> || 1974 ||align="left" | [[Juri Zolakowitsch Oganessian|Oganessian]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Seleni]] || || Se || 34 ||align="right" | 78,96 ||align="right" | 4820 ||align="right" | 217 ||align="right" | 685 || 1817 ||align="left" | [[Jöns Jakob Berzelius|Berzelius]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Agenti]] || silver || Ag || 47 ||align="right" | 107,87 ||align="right" | 10490 ||align="right" | 961,9 ||align="right" | 2212 || (?) ||align="left" | (?)
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Silikoni]] || silicon || Si || 14 ||align="right" | 28,09 ||align="right" | 2330 ||align="right" | 1410 ||align="right" | 2355 || 1824 ||align="left" | [[Jöns Jakob Berzelius|Berzelius]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Nitrojeni]] || nitrogen || N || 7 ||align="right" | 14,01 ||align="right" | 1,170 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -209,9</span> −209,9 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -195,8</span> −195,8 || 1771 ||align="left" | [[Carl Wilhelm Scheele|Scheele]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Stronti]] || strontium || Sr || 38 ||align="right" | 87,62 ||align="right" | 2630 ||align="right" | 769 ||align="right" | 1384 || 1798 ||align="left" | [[Martin Heinrich Klaproth|Klaproth]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Tantali]] || tantalum || Ta || 73 ||align="right" | 180,95 ||align="right" | 16680 ||align="right" | 2996 ||align="right" | 5425 || 1802 ||align="left" | [[Anders Gustav Ekeberg|Ekeberg]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Tekineti]] || technetium || Tc || 43 ||align="right" | 98,91 ||align="right" | 11490 ||align="right" | 2172 ||align="right" | 5030 || 1937 ||align="left" | [[Emilio Segrè|Segrè]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Teluro]] || tellurium || Te || 52 ||align="right" | 127,6 ||align="right" | 6250 ||align="right" | 449,6 ||align="right" | 990 || 1782 ||align="left" | [[Franz Joseph Müller von Reichenstein|von Reichenstein]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Taribi]] || terbium || Tb || 65 ||align="right" | 158,93 ||align="right" | 8250 ||align="right" | 1360 ||align="right" | 3041 || 1843 ||align="left" | [[Carl Gustav Mosander|Mosander]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Tali]] || thallium || Tl || 81 ||align="right" | 204,38 ||align="right" | 11850 ||align="right" | 303,6 ||align="right" | 1457 || 1861 ||align="left" | [[William Crookes|Crookes]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Thori]] || thorium || Th || 90 ||align="right" | 232,04 ||align="right" | 11720 ||align="right" | 1750 ||align="right" | 4787 || 1829 ||align="left" | [[Jöns Jakob Berzelius|Berzelius]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Thuli]] || thulium || Tm || 69 ||align="right" | 168,93 ||align="right" | 9320 ||align="right" | 1545 ||align="right" | 1727 || 1879 ||align="left" | [[Per Teodor Cleve|Cleve]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Titani]] || titanium || Ti || 22 ||align="right" | 47,88 ||align="right" | 4510 ||align="right" | 1660 ||align="right" | 3260 || 1791 ||align="left" | [[William Gregor|Gregor]],<br /> [[Martin Heinrich Klaproth|Klaproth]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Ununbi]] || ununbium || Uub || 112 ||align="right" | 277 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> || 1996 ||align="left" | [[Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung|GSI]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Ununheksi]] || ununhexium || Uuh || 116 ||align="right" | 289 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> || 2000 ||align="left" | [[Vereinigtes Institut für Kernforschung|JINR]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Ununokti]] || ununoctium || Uuo || 118 ||align="right" | 293 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> || 2006 ||align="left" | [[Vereinigtes Institut für Kernforschung|JINR]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Ununpenti]] || ununpentium || Uup || 115 ||align="right" | 288 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> || 2006 ||align="left" | [[Vereinigtes Institut für Kernforschung|JINR]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Ununkadi]] || ununquadium || Uuq || 114 ||align="right" | 289 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> || 1999 ||align="left" | [[Vereinigtes Institut für Kernforschung|JINR]]
<!--
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Ununsepti]] || ununseptium || Uus || 117 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> || <br /> ||align="left" |<br />-->
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Ununtri]] || ununtrium || Uut || 113 ||align="right" | 287 ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> ||align="right" | <br /> || 2006 ||align="left" | [[Vereinigtes Institut für Kernforschung|JINR]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Urani]] || uranium || U || 92 ||align="right" | 238,03 ||align="right" | 18970 ||align="right" | 1132,4 ||align="right" | 3818 || 1789 ||align="left" | [[Martin Heinrich Klaproth|Klaproth]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Vanadi]] || vanadium || V || 23 ||align="right" | 50,94 ||align="right" | 6090 ||align="right" | 1890 ||align="right" | 3380 || 1801 ||align="left" | [[Andrés Manuel del Río|del Río]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Hidrojeni]] || hydrogen || H || 1 ||align="right" | 1,01 ||align="right" | 0,084 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -259,1</span> −259,1 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -252,9</span> −252,9 || 1766 ||align="left" | [[Henry Cavendish|Cavendish]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Wolframi]] || tungsten || W || 74 ||align="right" | 183,85 ||align="right" | 19260 ||align="right" | 3407 ||align="right" | 5927 || 1783 ||align="left" | [[Fausto Elhuyar|Fausto]] und [[Juan José Elhuyar|Juan]]<br /> de Elhuyar
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Zenoni]] || xenon || Xe || 54 ||align="right" | 131,29 ||align="right" | 4,49 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -111,9</span> −111,9 ||align="right" | <span style="display:none"> -107,0</span> −107 || 1898 ||align="left" | [[William Ramsay|Ramsay]], <br /> [[Morris William Travers|Travers]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Yitebi]] || ytterbium || Yb || 70 ||align="right" | 173,04 ||align="right" | 6970 ||align="right" | 824 ||align="right" | 1193 || 1878 ||align="left" | [[Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac|de Marignac]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Yitri]] || yttrium || Y || 39 ||align="right" | 88,91 ||align="right" | 4470 ||align="right" | 1523 ||align="right" | 3337 || 1794 ||align="left" | [[Johan Gadolin|Gadolin]]
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Zinki]] || zinc || Zn || 30 ||align="right" | 65,39 ||align="right" | 7140 ||align="right" | 419,6 ||align="right" | 907 ||(?) ||align="left" | (?)
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Stani]] || tin || Sn || 50 ||align="right" | 118,71 ||align="right" | 7290 ||align="right" | 232 ||align="right" | 2270 || (?) ||align="left" | (?)
|-- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Zirikoni]] || zirconium || Zr || 40 ||align="right" | 91,22 ||align="right" | 6510 ||align="right" | 1852 ||align="right" | 4377 || 1789 ||align="left" | [[Martin Heinrich Klaproth|Klaproth]]
|}
 
==Tazama pia==
* [[Mfumo radidia]]
 
[[Category:elementi| ]]
[[Category:Kemia]]
 
[[af:Chemiese element]]
[[als:Chemisches Element]]
[[an:Elemento quimico]]
[[ar:عنصر كيميائي]]
[[ast:Elementu químicu]]
[[be:Хімічны элемент]]
[[be-x-old:Хімічны элемэнт]]
[[bg:Химичен елемент]]
[[bn:মৌলিক পদার্থ]]
[[br:Elfenn gimiek]]
[[bs:Hemijski element]]
[[ca:Element químic]]
[[cs:Chemický prvek]]
[[cv:Хими элеменчĕсем]]
[[cy:Elfen gemegol]]
[[da:Grundstof]]
[[de:Chemisches Element]]
[[el:Χημικό στοιχείο]]
[[en:Chemical element]]
[[eo:Kemia elemento]]
[[es:Elemento químico]]
[[et:Keemiline element]]
[[eu:Elementu kimiko]]
[[fa:عنصر شیمیایی]]
[[fi:Alkuaine]]
[[fo:Frumevni]]
[[fr:Élément chimique]]
[[fur:Element chimic]]
[[fy:Elemint]]
[[ga:Dúil cheimiceach]]
[[gl:Elemento químico]]
[[haw:Kumumea kemikala]]
[[he:יסוד כימי]]
[[hi:रासायनिक तत्व]]
[[hr:Kemijski element]]
[[ht:Eleman chimik]]
[[hu:Kémiai elem]]
[[ia:Elemento chimic]]
[[id:Unsur kimia]]
[[io:Kemia elemento]]
[[is:Frumefni]]
[[it:Elemento chimico]]
[[ja:元素]]
[[jbo:selratni]]
[[jv:Unsur kimia]]
[[ka:ქიმიური ელემენტი]]
[[kn:ಮೂಲಧಾತು]]
[[ko:화학 원소]]
[[la:Elementum]]
[[lmo:Element chimich]]
[[lt:Cheminis elementas]]
[[lv:Ķīmiskais elements]]
[[mk:Хемиски елемент]]
[[ml:മൂലകം]]
[[mn:Химийн элемент]]
[[mr:मूलद्रव्य]]
[[ms:Unsur kimia]]
[[nds:Cheemsch Element]]
[[ne:रसायनिक तत्त्व]]
[[new:रसायनिक तत्त्व]]
[[nl:Chemisch element]]
[[nn:Grunnstoff]]
[[no:Grunnstoff]]
[[nov:Elemente]]
[[nrm:Êlément]]
[[oc:Element quimic]]
[[pl:Pierwiastek chemiczny]]
[[pms:Element chìmich]]
[[pt:Elemento químico]]
[[qu:Qallawa]]
[[ro:Element chimic]]
[[ru:Химический элемент]]
[[scn:Elimentu chìmicu]]
[[sco:Element]]
[[sh:Kemijski element]]
[[simple:Chemical element]]
[[sk:Chemický prvok]]
[[sl:Kemični element]]
[[sq:Elementet kimike]]
[[sr:Хемијски елемент]]
[[stq:Element]]
[[su:Unsur kimia]]
[[sv:Grundämne]]
[[ta:தனிமம்]]
[[th:ธาตุเคมี]]
[[tl:Elementong kimikal]]
[[tr:Kimyasal element]]
[[uk:Хімічні елементи]]
[[uz:Kimyoviy unsur]]
[[vec:Elemento chimego]]
[[vi:Nguyên tố hóa học]]
[[yi:כעמישער עלעמענט]]
[[yo:Àpilẹ̀sẹ̀]]
[[zh:元素]]
[[zh-min-nan:Hoà-ha̍k goân-sò͘]]
[[zh-yue:元素]]
Rudishwa kutoka "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mtumiaji:HBR/Test_Artikle_Elementi_za_kikemia_als_Table"