Afrika Kusini : Tofauti kati ya masahihisho

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Mstari 31:
|population_estimate = 47,432,000 <sup>[1]</sup>
|population_estimate_year = Julai 2005
|population_estimate_rank = ya 2625
|population_census = 4454,819002,278000
|population_census_year = 20012014
|population_density = 3942.4
|population_densitymi² = 101109.8 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] -->
|population_density_rank = ya 136169
|Ethnic_groups =
|Ethnic_groups_year =
Mstari 67:
|footnotes = 1.) '''angalia:''' Makadirio ya idadi ya watu ni pamoja na vifo kutokana na [[UKIMWI]].
}}
'''Afrika Kusini''' ni nchi kubwa ya [[Afrika ya Kusini]] yenye wakazi takriban [[milioni]] 5354.
 
'''Afrika Kusini''' ni nchi kubwa ya [[Afrika ya Kusini]] yenye wakazi takriban [[milioni]] 53.
 
Imepakana na [[Namibia]], [[Botswana]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Msumbiji]] na [[Uswazi]]. Nchi nzima ya [[Lesotho]] iko ndani ya eneo la Afrika Kusini.
Line 74 ⟶ 73:
[[Mji mkubwa]] ni [[Johannesburg]]. Majukumu ya [[mji mkuu]] yamegawiwa kati ya miji mitatu: [[Cape Town]] ni makao ya [[Bunge]], [[Pretoria]] ni makao ya [[Serikali]] na [[Bloemfontein]] ni makao ya [[Mahakama Kuu]].
 
==Jina==
Nchi ina majina rasmi 11 kutokana na [[lugha rasmi]] 11, nazo ni: [[Kiafrikaans]], [[Kiingereza]], [[Kizulu]], [[Kixhosa]], [[Kiswati]], [[Kindebele]], [[Kisotho cha Kusini]], [[Kisotho cha Kaskazini]], [[Kitsonga]], [[Kitswana]] na [[Kivenda]].
 
Kati ya watu mashuhuri sana wa Afrika Kusini ni [[Nelson Mandela]] aliyekuwa [[rais]] kati ya mwaka [[1994]] na mwaka [[1999]]. Wengine ni [[Shaka Zulu]] aliyekuwa kiongozi wa kijeshi kabla ya [[ukoloni]] na [[Christiaan Barnard]] ([[daktari]] wa kwanza duniani aliyehamisha [[moyo]] wa mtu kwa mtu mwingine).
 
== Historia ==
Zamadamu waliishi katika eneo la Afrika Kusini tangu miaka milioni 3 iliyopita, inavyoshuhudiwa na [[akiolojia]].
 
[[Binadamu]] wameishi huko kwa miaka 170,000 mfululizo.
 
=== Koloni la Waholanzi kwenye Rasi ===
Chanzo cha Afrika Kusini kama nchi ni [[Koloni ya Rasi|Koloni la Rasi]] iliyoundwa na [[Waholanzi]] katika eneo la [[Cape Town]]. Huko [[kabila]] jipya la [[Makaburu]] lilijitokeza kati ya [[walowezi]] [[Wazungu]] kutoka [[Uholanzi]], [[Ufaransa]] na [[Ujerumani]]. Lugha yao ilikuwa [[Kiholanzi]] iliyoanza kuchukua maneno ya [[Kifaransa]], [[Kiafrika]] na [[Kiingereza]] na kuendelea kuwa lugha ya pekee [[Kiafrikaans]].
Line 121 ⟶ 123:
=== Afrika Kusini mpya ===
Mwaka 1990 Apartheid ilikwisha na serikali ya National Party ilipaswa kuendesha [[uchaguzi huru]] kwa wananchi wote na kukabidhi [[madaraka]] kwa serikali ya [[ANC]] chini ya [[Nelson Mandela]].
 
== Uchumi ==
Ki[[uchumi]] Afrika Kusini ni nchi yenye pande mbili kabisa.
 
Sehemu ya uchumi ina hali ya ki[[maendeleo]] kabisa ikiwa na [[viwanda]] na [[huduma]] zinazolingana na hali ya juu kabisa duniani; hali ya maisha ya wananchi waliomo katika sekta hii inalingana na nchi kama [[Australia]] au [[Ulaya magharibi]].
 
Kwa upande mwingine hali ya maisha ya sehemu kubwa ya wananchi ni [[umaskini]] kama katika sehemu nyingine za [[Afrika]] au [[Uhindi]] wa ma[[shamba]]ni. Lakini kwa ujumla hali ya maisha iko juu kuliko nchi nyingi za Afrika.
 
Sekta muhimu za uchumi ni [[migodi]] ya kuchimba dhahabu au almasi, viwanda na huduma kama [[benki]] au [[bima]].
 
== Utawala na muundo wa shirikisho ==
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{{main|Orodha ya miji ya Afrika Kusini}}
[[Picha:Sf-map.png|thumb|300px|left|Ramani ya Afrika Kusini]]
Hii ifuatayo ni miji/ manisipaamanispaa/ jijimajiji kumi yenye wakazi wengi zaidi nchini.
{|border="0" cellspacing="5" cellpadding="0"
! Na.
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==Watu==
Afrika Kusini ina mchanganyiko mkubwa wa watu. Waafrika asili ni [[asilimia]] 80.2, Machotara ni 8.8%, Wazungu ni 8.4%, Waasia ni 2.5%.
 
Wengi (79.8%) ni [[Wakristo]] wa [[madhehebu]] mengi sana, hasa ya [[Uprotestanti]]; [[Wakatoliki]] ni 7.1%. [[Dini]] nyingine ni: [[Uislamu]] (1.5%), [[Uhindu]] (1.2%), [[Dini za jadi]] (0.3%) na [[Uyahudi]] (0.2%). Asilimia 15.1 ya watu hawana dini yoyote.
 
Afrika Kusini inaongoza duniani kwa wingi wa watu wenye [[VVU]]/[[UKIMWI]] (milioni 6.3).
 
== Uchumi ==
Ki[[uchumi]] Afrika Kusini ni nchi yenye pande mbili kabisa.
 
Sehemu ya uchumi ina hali ya ki[[maendeleo]] kabisa ikiwa na [[viwanda]] na [[huduma]] zinazolingana na hali ya juu kabisa duniani; hali ya maisha ya wananchi waliomo katika sekta hii inalingana na nchi kama [[Australia]] au [[Ulaya magharibi]].
 
Kwa upande mwingine hali ya maisha ya sehemu kubwa ya wananchi ni [[umaskini]] kama katika sehemu nyingine za [[Afrika]] au [[Uhindi]] wa ma[[shamba]]ni. Lakini kwa ujumla hali ya maisha iko juu kuliko nchi nyingi za Afrika.
 
Sekta muhimu za uchumi ni [[migodi]] ya kuchimba dhahabu au almasi, viwanda na huduma kama [[benki]] au [[bima]].
 
== Jeshi ==
Jeshi la Afrika Kusini ina silaha za kisasa kushinda nchi zote za majirani. Uchumi unawezesha nchi kutumia kiasi kikubwa kwa ajili ya jeshi kuliko nchi zote za Afrika kusini kwa [[Sahara]].
 
Afrika Kusini iliwahi kuwa na [[silaha za kinyuklianyuklia]] lakini ilizibomoa baada ya mwaka [[1993]].
 
==Watu maarufu==
Kati ya watu mashuhuri sana wa Afrika Kusini ni:
* [[Nelson Mandela]] aliyekuwa [[rais]] kati ya mwaka [[1994]] na mwaka [[1999]].
* [[Shaka Zulu]] aliyekuwa kiongozi wa kijeshi kabla ya [[ukoloni]]
* [[Christiaan Barnard]], [[daktari]] wa kwanza duniani aliyehamisha [[moyo]] wa mtu kwa mtu mwingine.
 
== Angalia pia ==
* [[Orodha ya lugha za Afrika Kusini]]
 
==Marejeo==
{{refbegin}}
*''A History of South Africa, Third Edition''. Leonard Thompson. [[Yale University Press]]. 1 March 2001. 384 pages. ISBN 0-300-08776-4.
*''Economic Analysis and Policy Formulation for Post-Apartheid South Africa: Mission Report, Aug. 1991''. International Development Research Centre. IDRC Canada, 1991. vi, 46 p. Without ISBN
*''Emerging Johannesburg: Perspectives on the Postapartheid City''. Richard Tomlinson, et al. 1 January 2003. 336 pages. ISBN 0-415-93559-8.
*''Making of Modern South Africa: Conquest, Segregation and Apartheid''. Nigel Worden. 1 July 2000. 194 pages. ISBN 0-631-21661-8.
*''South Africa: A Narrative History''. [[Frank Welsh (writer)|Frank Welsh]]. Kodansha America. 1 February 1999. 606 pages. ISBN 1-56836-258-7.
*''South Africa in Contemporary Times''. [[Godfrey Mwakikagile]]. New Africa Press. February 2008. 260 pages. ISBN 978-0-9802587-3-8.
*''The Atlas of Changing South Africa''. A. J. Christopher. 1 October 2000. 216 pages. ISBN 0-415-21178-6.
*''The Politics of the New South Africa''. Heather Deegan. 28 December 2000. 256 pages. ISBN 0-582-38227-0.
*''Twentieth-Century South Africa''. William Beinart [[Oxford University Press]] 2001, 414 pages, ISBN 0-19-289318-1
{{refend}}
 
== Viungo vya nje ==
{{commons}}
* {{en}} [http://www.gov.za/ Government Officialof governmentSouth siteAfrica]
*{{CIA World Factbook link|sf|South Africa}}
* {{en}} [http://allafrica.com/southafrica/ South Africa in the news]
* [http://www.africa.com/south-africa/ South Africa] profile from [[Africa.com]]
*[http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/southafrica.htm South Africa] from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs''
*{{dmoz|Regional/Africa/South_Africa}}
*[http://www.oecd.org/southafrica/ South Africa] [[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development|OECD]]
*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14094760 South Africa] from the [[BBC News]]
*[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/555568/South-Africa South Africa] at ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''
*[http://www.southafrica.info/ SouthAfrica.info]
*[http://www.southafrica.net/sat/content/en/za/home South Africa Tourism]
*{{wikiatlas|South Africa}}
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=ZA Key Development Forecasts for South Africa] from [[International Futures]]
* {{en}} [http://allafrica.com/southafrica/ South Africa in the news]
 
{{Afrika}}