Turkmenistan : Tofauti kati ya masahihisho

Content deleted Content added
No edit summary
No edit summary
Mstari 7:
|image_map = LocationTurkmenistan.svg
|national_motto =
|national_anthem = Wimbo lawa taifa huru na huria
|official_languages = [[Kiturkmen]]
|capital = [[Ashgabat]]
Mstari 15:
|leader_titles = [[Rais]]
|leader_names = [[Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedow]]
|area_rank = ya 5253
|area_magnitude = 1 E11
|area = 488491,100210
|areami² = 188,456 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|percent_water = 4.9
|population_estimate = 5,090171,000943
|population_estimate_rank = ya 113117
|population_estimate_year = Desemba 20062009
|population_census =
|population_census_year =
|population_density = 910.95
|population_densitymi² = 2527.61 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|population_density_rank = ya 208
|GDP_PPP = $40.685 billion <!--IMF-->
Mstari 90:
 
Mwenyekiti wa bunge alishtakiwa [[mahakama]]ni juu ya makosa fulani na Berdimuhammedov alithibitishwa katika [[uchaguzi]] wa tarehe [[11 Februari]] [[2007]] kwa 89% za [[kura]]. Watazamaji walidai kura ilikuwa ya uwongo.
 
Mwaka 2013 kwa mara ya kwanza ulifanyika uchaguzi wa vyama vingi.
 
==Watu==
Waturkmeni wenyewe ni 85% za wakazi wote, wakifuatwa na Wauzbeki (5%) na Warusi (4%).
Wakazi walio wengi ni [[Waislamu]]; kuna kadirio ya Waislamu asilimia 87 kati ya wakazi wote lakini haijulikani ni wangapi wanaofuata [[dini]] yao.
 
[[Lugha rasmi]] na ya kawaida ni [[Kiturkmeni]] (72%). Kinafuata [[Kirusi]] (12%).
 
Wakazi walio wengi ni [[Waislamu]]; kuna kadirio ya Waislamu asilimia 87 kati ya wakazi wote lakini haijulikani ni wangapi wanaofuata kweli [[dini]] yao. Wakristo ni 9%, hasa [[Waorthodoksi]].
 
==Tanbihi==
{{reflist|30em}}
 
==Marejeo==
* {{cite book |last=Brummel |first=Paul |date=2006 |title=Bradt Travel Guide: Turkmenistan |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides |isbn=978-1841621449}}
* {{cite book |last=Abazov|first=Rafis|date=2005 |title=Historical Dictionary of Turkmenistan |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0810853621}}
* {{cite book |last1=Clammer |first1=Paul |last2=Kohn |first2=Michael |last3=Mayhew |first3=Bradley |date=2014 |title=Lonely Planet Guide: Central Asia |publisher=Lonely Planet |isbn=978-1741799538}}
* {{cite book |last=Hopkirk |first=Peter |date=1992 |title=The Great Game: The Struggle for Empire in Central Asia |publisher=Kodansha International |isbn=978-1568360225}}
* {{cite book |last=Blackwell |first=Carole |date=2001|title=Tradition and Society in Turkmenistan: Gender, Oral Culture and Song |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0700713547}}
* {{cite book |last=Kaplan |first=Robert |date=2001 |title=Eastward to Tartary: Travels in the Balkans, the Middle East, and the Caucasus |publisher=Vintage |isbn=978-0375705762}}
* {{cite book |last=Kropf |first=John |date=2006 |title=Unknown Sands: Journeys Around the World's Most Isolated Country |publisher=Dusty Spark Publishing |isbn=978-0976356516}}
* {{cite book |last=Rall |first=Ted |date=2006 |title=Silk Road to Ruin: Is Central Asia the New Middle East? |publisher=NBM Publishing |isbn=978-1561634545}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2007/05/28/the-golden-man |title=The Golden Man: Saparmurat Niyazov’s reign of insanity. |last=Theroux |first=Paul |date=28 May 2007 |website=[[The New Yorker]]}}
* {{cite book |last=Vilmer |first=Jean-Baptiste |date=2009 |title=Turkménistan |publisher=Editions Non Lieu |language=French |isbn=978-2352700685}}
 
==Viungo vya nje==
{{Commons|Turkmenistan}}
*{{CIA World Factbook link|tx|Turkmenistan}}
*[http://vk.com/moderntm Modern Turkmenistan photos]
*[http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/turkmenistan.htm Turkmenistan] at ''UCB Libraries GovPubs''
*{{dmoz|Regional/Asia/Turkmenistan}}
*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-16094646 Turkmenistan profile] from the [[BBC News]]
*{{wikiatlas|Turkmenistan}}
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=TM Key Development Forecasts for Turkmenistan] from [[International Futures]]
; Serikali
*[http://www.turkmenistan.gov.tm/ Turkmenistan government information portal]
*[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/turkmenistan.html Chief of State and Cabinet Members]
*[http://tourism.gov.tm/en/ Tourism Committee of Turkmenistan]
; Vingine
*[http://www.chrono-tm.org/en/ "Chronicles of Turkmenistan". Publication of Turkmen Initiative for Human Rights.]
*[http://www.eurasianet.org/turkmenistan.project/ The Turkmenistan Project] – weekly news and analysis in English and Russian
*[http://www.ashgabat.us/ Official photo gallery from Turkmenistan and Ashgabat]
*[http://www.turkiye-turkmenistan.com/ daily news and analysis in Turkish English and Turkmen]
 
{{asia}}