Injili ya Luka : Tofauti kati ya masahihisho

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[[Image:Caravaggio.emmaus.750pix.jpg|300px|left|thumb|''Mlo wa Emau'' , [[mchoro]] huu wa [[Michelangelo Merisi|Caravaggio]] ([[1601]]) unaonyesha habari mojawapo bora ya Injili ya Luka.]]
{{Agano Jipya}}
'''Injili ya Luka''' ni [[kitabu]] cha [[tatu]] katika orodha ya vitabu vya [[Agano Jipya]] katika [[Biblia ya Kikristo]]. Huhesabiwa kati ya [[Injili Ndugu]] pamoja na [[Injili ya Mathayo]] na [[Injili ya Marko]].
 
Kama vitabu vingine vyote vya [[Biblia]], hiki pia kinatakiwa kisomwe katika mfululizo wa [[historia ya wokovu]] ili kukielewa kadiri ya maendeleo ya [[ufunuo]] wa [[Mungu]] kwa [[binadamu]].
 
== Vitabu viwili, kazi moja ==
[[Injili]] ya tatu, ya [[Mtakatifu Luka]], inaendelezwa na kitabu cha [[Matendo ya Mitume]]: katika [[dibaji]] za vitabu vyake hivyo mwandishi anaeleza sababu na taratibu za kazi yake kwa mlengwa wa kwanza, [[Teofilo]]. Mtu huyo hajulikani, na pengine [[jina]] hilo linawakilisha msomaji yeyote, hasa kwa sababu linatafsiriwa "Mpenzi wa Mungu".
 
Injili ya tatu, ya [[Mtakatifu Luka]], inaendelea na kitabu cha [[Matendo ya Mitume]]: katika dibaji za vitabu vyake hivyo mwandishi anaeleza sababu na taratibu za kazi yake kwa mlengwa wa kwanza, Teofilo. Mtu huyo hajulikani, na pengine jina hilo linawakilisha msomaji yeyote, hasa kwa sababu linatafsiriwa "Mpenzi wa Mungu".
 
== Mwandishi ==
Kadiri ya [[mapokeo]], mwandishi ni [[mganga]] Luka, mwenzi wa [[Mtume Paulo]] katika [[safari]] zake kadhaa.
 
Inawezekana kwamba alikuwa mwenyeji wa [[Antiokia]] ([[Syria]]); kwa vyovyote hakuwa [[Myahudi]], yeye peye yake kati ya waandishi wote wa [[Biblia]].
Kadiri ya mapokeo, mwandishi ni mganga Luka, mwenzi wa [[Mtume Paulo]] katika safari zake kadhaa.
 
Inawezekana kwamba alikuwa mwenyeji wa [[Antiokia]]; kwa vyovyote hakuwa Myahudi, yeye peye yake kati ya waandishi wote wa [[Biblia]].
 
== Muda na malengo ==
[[Wataalamu]] wanakisia kwamba aliandika vitabu vyake kwenye miaka [[80]]-[[90]], akitumia [[Injili ya Marko]], kitabu cha misemo ya [[Yesu]] kinachotajwa kifupi kama Q na vyanzo vingine vya habari.
 
Katika Injili hiyo mambo yote yanalenga [[Yerusalemu]], [[kiini]] cha [[jiografia]] ya [[wokovu]], wakati katika Matendo ya Mitume yote yanaanzia huku na kulenga miisho ya [[dunia]].
Wataalamu wanakisia kwamba aliandika vitabu vyake kwenye mwaka 80, akitumia [[Injili ya Marko]], kitabu cha misemo ya [[Yesu]] kinachotajwa kifupi kama Q na vyanzo vingine vya habari.
 
Inaonekana kuwa aliandika baada ya maangamizi ya [[Yerusalemu]] na ya [[hekalu]] [[Hekalu la Yerusalemu|lake]] mwaka [[70]], akitaka kuthibitisha [[uaminifu]] wa [[Mungu]] kwa [[ahadi]] zake, yaani kwamba matukio hayo ya kutisha yalisababishwa na [[Wayahudi]] kwa kumkataa [[Masiya]] wao, [[Yesu Kristo]].
Katika Injili hiyo mambo yote yanalenga Yerusalemu, kiini cha jiografia ya wokovu, wakati katika Matendo ya Mitume yote yanaanzia huku na kulenga miisho ya dunia.
 
Kwa sababu hiyo, Mungu aliendeleza mpango wake wa wokovu kwa kuwalenga moja kwa moja mataifa yote.
Inaonekana kuwa aliandika baada ya maangamizi ya [[Yerusalemu]] na ya [[hekalu]] lake mnamo mwaka 70, akitaka kuthibitisha uaminifu wa [[Mungu]] kwa ahadi zake, yaani kwamba matukio hayo ya kutisha yalisababishwa na [[Wayahudi]] kwa kumkataa [[Masiya]] wao, [[Yesu Kristo]].
 
Luka anasisitiza habari njema kwamba wokovu ni kwa wote, hasa wasiotarajiwa: [[maskini]], [[wakosefu]], [[wanawake]] n.k.
Kwa sababu hiyo, Mungu aliendeleza mpango wake wa wokovu kwa kuwalenga moja kwa moja mataifa yote.
 
==Marejeo==
Luka anasisitiza habari njema kwamba wokovu ni kwa wote, hasa wasiotarajiwa: maskini, wakosefu, wanawake n.k.
*{{Cite book
|last = Allen
|first = O. Wesley, Jr.
|chapter = Luke
|editor1-last = Petersen
|editor1-first = David L.
|editor2-last = O'Day
|editor2-first = Gail R.
|title = Theological Bible Commentary
|publisher = Westminster John Knox Press
|year = 2009
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=rQWknj4ORJkC&pg=PR6&dq=%22Luke+O.+Wesley+Allen+Jr.%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=z_vAU66_MtL78QXO3YHADQ&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%22Luke%20O.%20Wesley%20Allen%20Jr.%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Aune
|first = David E.
|author-link = David Aune
|title = The New Testament in its literary environment
|publisher = Westminster John Knox Press
|year = 1988
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=7F_5kPoTTnoC&printsec=frontcover&dq=The+New+Testament+in+its+literary+environment&hl=en&sa=X&ei=GcPAU9qqN9P88QXRs4CABA&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=The%20New%20Testament%20in%20its%20literary%20environment&f=false
|isbn = 978-0-664-25018-8
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last1 = Balch
|first1 = David L.
|chapter = Luke
|editor1-last = Dunn
|editor1-first = James D. G.
|editor2-last = Rogerson
|editor2-first = John William
|title = Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible
|publisher = Eerdmans
|year = 2003
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=2Vo-11umIZQC&pg=PA1103&dq=%22Luke+David+L.+Balch+Introduction%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=6vrDU9ajM8X98QWVqYGIBg&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Luke%20David%20L.%20Balch%20Introduction%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last1 = Barton
|first1 = John
|last2 = Muddiman
|first2 = John
|title = The Oxford Bible Commentary
|publisher = Oxford University Press
|year = 2007
|url = https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ&dq=oxford+bible+commentary&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiirLC6853LAhXIUBQKHetWAlQQ6AEIMDAA
|isbn = 978-0-19-927718-6
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Boring
|first = M. Eugene
|title = An Introduction to the New Testament: History, Literature, Theology
|publisher = Westminster John Knox Press
|year = 2012
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=leFrgkyEtusC&pg=PA556&dq=%2223+Luke:+Theologian%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KEDBU_GFIpLh8AWwu4DABQ&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%2223%20Luke%3A%20Theologian%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Buckwalter
|first = Douglas
|title = The Character and Purpose of Luke's Christology
|publisher = Cambridge University Press
|year = 1996
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=9nwtfHbKiF8C&pg=PA4&dq=Luke+makes+no+reference+to+Jesus+preexistence,relatively+little+reference+to+the+atoning+significance+of+Jesus+death&hl=en&sa=X&ei=tOvAU8GOJtCk8AXs4oCgDw&ved=0CB8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Luke%20makes%20no%20reference%20to%20Jesus%20preexistence%2Crelatively%20little%20reference%20to%20the%20atoning%20significance%20of%20Jesus%20death&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Burkett
|first = Delbert
|title = An introduction to the New Testament and the origins of Christianity
|publisher = Cambridge University Press
|year = 2002
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=EcsQknxV-xQC&pg=PA195&dq=%2213+The+Gospel+of+Luke%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=DF67U-SYHpfm8AXT2oG4CA&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%2213%20The%20Gospel%20of%20Luke%22&f=false
|isbn = 978-0-521-00720-7
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Carroll
|first = John T.
|title = Luke: A Commentary
|publisher = Westminster John Knox Press
|year = 2012
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=krRY23eR55IC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Carroll+Luke+Commentary&hl=en&sa=X&ei=y-C7U9ieKsT88QWLroHYAg&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Carroll%20Luke%20Commentary&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Charlesworth
|first = James H.
|title = The Historical Jesus: An Essential Guide
|publisher = Abingdon Press
|year = 2008
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=YTIGy5t45WgC&pg=PT64&dq=%22The+composition+of+Luke-Acts%22,%22usually+dated+around+80-90%22,%22perhaps+between+90+and+110%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=VGO_U43QH9jo8AX7zYCQAg&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22The%20composition%20of%20Luke-Acts%22%2C%22usually%20dated%20around%2080-90%22%2C%22perhaps%20between%2090%20and%20110%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Collins
|first = Adela Yarbro
|authorlink = Adela Yarbro Collins
|title = Cosmology and Eschatology in Jewish and Christian Apocalypticism
|publisher = BRILL
|year = 2000
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=eZv1JZAHdg0C&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
|isbn = 978-90-04-11927-7
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Dunn
|first = James D.G.
|authorlink = James Dunn (theologian)
|title = Jesus Remembered
|publisher = Eerdmans
|year = 2003
|url = https://books.google.com/?id=G4qpnvoautgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Jesus+remembered++By+James+D.+G.+Dunn#v=onepage&q&f=false
|isbn = 978-0-8028-3931-2
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Ehrman
|first = Bart D.
|authorlink = Bart D Ehrman
|title = The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture : The Effect of Early Christological Controversies on the Text of the New Testament
|publisher = Oxford University Press
|year = 1996
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HGpL9x19GaEC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
|isbn = 978-0-19-510279-6
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Ehrman
|first = Bart D.
|authorlink = Bart D Ehrman
|title = Jesus: Apocalyptic Prophet of the New Millennium
|publisher = Oxford University Press
|year = 1999
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=c9K_6NN3llcC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Jesus:+Apocalyptic+Prophet+of+the+New+Millennium&hl=en&sa=X&ei=x6sCU8aGGsv8lAXrsYGgAQ&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Q&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Ehrman
|first = Bart D.
|authorlink = Bart D Ehrman
|title = Lost Christianities: The Battles for Scripture and the Faiths We Never Knew
|publisher = Oxford University Press
|year = 2005
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=URdACxKubDIC&pg=PA235&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Ellis
|first = E. Earl
|title = The Gospel of Luke
|publisher = Wipf and Stock Publishers
|year = 2003
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=3OdKAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA19&dq=gospel+luke+western+text&hl=en&sa=X&ei=5Za-U-adE4i6uAT1qoHoAg&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=gospel%20luke%20western%20text&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Evans
|first = Craig A.
|title = Luke
|publisher = Baker Books
|year = 2011
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=mBkB2Beyi2QC&pg=PT20&dq=%22he+views+history+as+consisting+of+three+major+epochs%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Qd_AU9KSBpft8AXOk4KgCw&ved=0CB8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22he%20views%20history%20as%20consisting%20of%20three%20major%20epochs%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Gamble
|first = Harry Y.
|title = Books and Readers in the Early Church: A History of Early Christian Texts
|publisher = Yale University Press
|year = 1995
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=2aEJfsXY57cC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
|isbn = 978-0-300-06918-1
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Green
|first = Joel
|title = The Theology of the Gospel of Luke
|publisher = Cambridge University Press
|year = 1995
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=RSNT4X_FdpEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=commentary+theology+luke&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Hfa4U97HOYiC8gX_k4CoAw&ved=0CDwQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=commentary%20theology%20luke&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Green
|first = Joel
|title = The Gospel of Luke
|publisher = Eerdmans
|year = 1997
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=wzRVN2S8cVgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=commentary+luke&hl=en&sa=X&ei=vsK8U4SRJcnh8AXElIKQAw&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=commentary%20luke&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Holladay
|first = Carl R.
|title = A Critical Introduction to the New Testament: Interpreting the Message and Meaning of Jesus Christ
|publisher = Abingdon Press
|year = 2011
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=CUXim2wXtwsC&pg=PT216&dq=%22the+final+consummation+of+the+kingdom%22,%22when+the+Son+of+Man+comes%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=I33DU6GTD4358QW_0IDoAQ&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22the%20final%20consummation%20of%20the%20kingdom%22%2C%22when%20the%20Son%20of%20Man%20comes%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Hurtado
|first = Larry W.
|authorlink = Larry Hurtado
|title = Lord Jesus Christ: Devotion to Jesus in Earliest Christianity
|publisher = Eerdmans
|year = 2005
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=k32wZRMxltUC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
|isbn = 978-0-8028-3167-5
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Johnson
|first = Luke Timothy
|title = The New Testament: A Very Short Introduction
|publisher = Oxford University Press
|year = 2010
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=hNKRc2yVsQUC&printsec=frontcover&dq=The+New+Testament:+A+Very+Short+Introduction&hl=en&sa=X&ei=6zfBU9KBAsai8AW61IGwBw&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=The%20New%20Testament%3A%20A%20Very%20Short%20Introduction&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Lössl
|first = Josef
|title = The Early Church: History and Memory
|publisher = Continuum
|year = 2010
|url = http://www.amazon.com/The-Early-Church-History-Memory/dp/0567165612
|isbn = 978-0-567-16561-9
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Miller
|first = Philip M.
|chapter = The Least Orthodox Reading is to be Preferred
|editor1-last = Wallace
|editor1-first = Daniel B.
|title = Revisiting the Corruption of the New Testament
|publisher = Kregel Academic
|year = 2011
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=838A8BDUI5kC&pg=PA64&dq=%22Bruce+Metzger%22,%22identified+two+groups+of+alterations%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Eay-U9XoJM7tkgXRj4DABA&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Bruce%20Metzger%22%2C%22identified%20two%20groups%20of%20alterations%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Morris
|first = Leon
|authorlink = Leon Morris
|title = New Testament Theology
|publisher = Zondervan
|year = 1990
|url = https://books.google.com/?id=6D3o6fZd67EC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Morris+New+Testament+Theology#v=onepage&q&f=false
|isbn = 978-0-310-45571-4
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Perkins
|first = Pheme
|authorlink = Pheme Perkins
|editor1-last = Barton
|editor1-first = John
|title = The Cambridge companion to biblical interpretation
|chapter = The Synoptic Gospels and the Acts of the Apostles: Telling the Christian Story
|year = 1998
|publisher = Westminster John Knox Press
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=PSHCRgS_SAUC
|isbn = 978-0-521-48593-7
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Perkins
|first = Pheme
|title = Introduction to the Synoptic Gospels
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=lMUZhdgmOR8C&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
|year = 2009
|publisher = Eerdmans
|isbn = 978-0-8028-6553-3
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Powell
|first = Mark Allan
|authorlink = Mark Allan Powell
|title = Jesus as a Figure in History: How Modern Historians View the Man from Galilee
|publisher = Eerdmans
|year = 1998
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=IJP4DRCVaUMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Jesus+as+a+Figure+in+History:+How+Modern+Historians+View+the+Man+from+Galilee&hl=en&sa=X&ei=z9b_UrDkLMOgkAX2zoH4CA&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Jesus%20as%20a%20Figure%20in%20History%3A%20How%20Modern%20Historians%20View%20the%20Man%20from%20Galilee&f=false
|isbn = 978-0-664-25703-3
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Powell
|first = Mark Allan
|authorlink = Mark Allan Powell
|title = What Are They Saying About Luke?
|publisher = Paulist Press
|year = 1989
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=9jRu8_-GlKMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=What+are+they+saying+about+Luke?&hl=en&sa=X&ei=IuLAU6hwzv_xBdeogPgM&ved=0CBsQ6AEwAA#v=snippet&q=Christology&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Strelan
|first = Rick
|title = Luke the Priest - the Authority of the Author of the Third Gospel
|publisher = Ashgate Publishing
|year = 2013
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=AeTdi13weAoC&pg=PA103&dq=Strelan,+Rick,+Luke+the+Priest:+The+Authority+of+the+Author+of+the+Third+Gospel+was+luke+a+jew+or+gentile&hl=en&sa=X&ei=fkqoUojvMLS2sASn5oHgDw&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Strelan%2C%20Rick%2C%20Luke%20the%20Priest%3A%20The%20Authority%20of%20the%20Author%20of%20the%20Third%20Gospel%20was%20luke%20a%20jew%20or%20gentile&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Talbert
|first = Charles H.
|title = Reading Luke: A Literary and Theological Commentary
|publisher = Smyth & Helwys
|year = 2002
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Gds2W380hPcC&dq=Talbert+reading+luke&hl=en&sa=X&ei=9U-5U63IGZLt8AXD6YDYAg&ved=0CBwQ6wEwAA
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last1 = Theissen
|first1 = Gerd
|last2 = Merz
|first2 = Annette
|title = The historical Jesus: a comprehensive guide
|publisher = Eerdmans
|year = 1998
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Thompson
|first = Richard P.
|editor-last = Aune
|editor-first = David E.
|title = The Blackwell Companion to The New Testament
|contribution = Luke-Acts: The Gospel of Luke and the Acts of the Apostles
|pages = 319
|publisher = Wiley–Blackwell
|year = 2010
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ygcgn8h-jo4C&pg=PA318&dq=%22Chapter+19+Luke-Acts%22&hl=en&
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Strecker
|first = Georg
|title = Theology of the New Testament
|publisher = Walter de Gruyter
|year = 2000
|url = https://books.google.com/?id=_6NxpAvdrOgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Strecker+Theology+New+Testament#v=onepage&q&f=false
|isbn = 978-0-664-22336-6
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last = Twelftree
|first = Graham H.
|authorlink = Graham Twelftree
|title = Jesus the miracle worker: a historical & theological study
|publisher = InterVarsity Press
|year = 1999
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=DitVtGWdYeYC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
|isbn = 978-0-8308-1596-8
|ref = harv
}}
*{{Cite book
|last1 = VanderKam
|first1 = James C.
|last2 = Flint
|first2 = Peter W.
|title = The meaning of the Dead Sea scrolls: Their significance for understanding the Bible, Judaism, Jesus, and Christianity
|publisher = Bloomsbury Academic
|year = 2005
|url =
|isbn = 0-567-08468-X
|ref = harv
}}
 
== KiungoViungo chavya nje ==
{{commons category}}
===Tafsiri ya Kiswahili===
* [http://www.intratext.com/IXT/SWA0013/_INDEX.HTM] Agano Jipya kwa lugha ya Kiswahili.
 
==Ufafanuzi====
*[http://www.vts.edu/ftpimages/95/download/download_group10628_id314976.pdf A Brief Introduction to Luke-Acts is available online.]
*[http://www.katapi.org.uk/4Gospels/Ch8.htm#II B.H. Streeter, The Four Gospels: A study of origins 1924.]
*[http://www-user.uni-bremen.de/~wie/TCG/TC-Luke.pdf Willker,W (2007), ''A textual commentary on the Gospel of Luke'', Pub. on-line] A very detailed text-critical discussion of the 300 most important variants of the Greek text (PDF, 467 pages)
{{mbegu-AganoJ}}
[[Jamii:Vitabu vya Agano Jipya|Luka]]
[[Jamii:Ukristo]]