Operesheni Adolphe
1953 Operesheni ya kijeshi ya Ufaransa ya Vita vya Kwanza vya Indochina
Operesheni Adolphe (pia inajulikana kama Adolph) ilikuwa operesheni ya kijeshi iliyofanywa na Jeshi la Ufaransa wakati wa Vita vya Kwanza vya Indochina, iliyoanza Aprili 1953.
Ilikuwa operesheni ya mwisho kati ya operesheni kadhaa zilizofanyika katika msimu wa masika, na ilihitimishwa kabla ya msimu wa mvua kufanya kampeni kuwa ngumu hadi kuanza kwa Operesheni Camargue mnamo Julai.[1]
Tanbihi
hariri- ↑ New Statesman: the week-end review. 1953-01-01.
Marejeo
hariri- Hammer, Ellen Joy (1954). The struggle for Indochina. Stanford University Press.
- Buttinger, Joseph (1972). A dragon defiant: a short history of Vietnam. Praeger.
- Fall, Bernard B. (1967). Hell in a very small place: the siege of Dien Bien Phu. Lippincott.
- Kedward, Rod (2006). La vie en bleu: France and the French since 1900. Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-013095-9.
- Roy, Jules (1963). The battle of Dienbienphu. Pyramid Books.
- Windrow, Martin (2005-12-26). The Last Valley: Dien Bien Phu and the French Defeat in Vietnam. Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-81443-3.
- Fall, Bernard B. (1994). Street without joy. Stackpole Books. ISBN 978-0-8117-1700-7.
- Devillers, Philippe; Lacouture, Jean (1969). End of a war; Indochina, 1954. Praeger.
- Fall, Bernard B. (1963). The two Viet-Nams: a political and military analysis. Praeger.
- Singer, B. (2004). Cultured force: Makers and defenders of the french colonial empire. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press.
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