Skoliosisi
Skoliosisi ni hali ya kimatibabu ambapo uti wa mgongo wa mtu una mkunjo unaojipinda upande wa nje.[2] Mkunjo huo kwa kawaida huwa na umbo la herufi "S" au "C" katika viwango vitatu.[2] [6] Katika viwango vingine, kiwango cha mkunjo huwa haubadiliki, ilhali kwa vingine, huongezeka kadri muda unavyosonga.[3] Skoliosisi ya kiwango kidogo kwa kawaida haisababishi matatizo yoyote, lakini katika hali ambapo ni kali inaweza kutatiza hali ya upumuaji.[3] [7] Kwa kawaida, hakuna maumivu.[8]
Skoliosisi | |
---|---|
Mwainisho na taarifa za nje | |
Matamshi | |
Kundi Maalumu | Magonjwa ya mifupa |
Dalili | Mkunjo wa kando wa uti wa mgongo[2] |
Muda wa kawaida wa kuanza kwake | Umri wa kati ya miaka10–20[2] |
Visababishi | Kwa kawaida havijulikani[3] |
Sababu za hatari | Historia ya familia, ugonjwa wa kupooza ubongo, Ugonjwa wa Marfan, uvimbe kama vile neurofibromatosis[2] |
Njia ya kuitambua hali hii | Eksirei[2] |
Matibabu | Kufuatlia hali hiyo kwa umakini bila kuchukua hatua yoyote, Kuweka vyuma kwenye uti wa mgongo, kufanya mazoezi, upasuaji[2][4] |
Idadi ya utokeaji wake | asilimia 3% ya watu[5] |
Visababishi vya visa vingi havijulikani, lakini inaaminika kuhusisha mchanganyiko wa sababu za kijeni na kimazingira.[3] Sababu hatari ni pamoja na wanafamilia wengine wanaoathirika.[2] Inaweza pia kutokea kutokana na hali zingine kama vile mikazo ya ghafla ya misuli, ugonjwa wa kupooza kwa ubongo, ugonjwa wa Marfan na uvimbe kama vile neurofibromatosis.[2] Utambuzi wa ugonjwa unathibitishwa na Eksirei.[2] Skoliosisi kwa kawaida huainishwa kama ya kimuundo ambapo mkunjo hauwezi kurekebishwa au ya kiutendaji ambapo uti wa mgongo uliopo ni wa kawaida.[2]
Matibabu yanategemea kiwango cha mkunjo, sehemu na kisababishi.[2] Mikunjo midogo inaweza kuangaliwa mara kwa mara.[2] Matibabu yanaweza kujumuisha kufunga kwa kutumia vyuma, kufanya mazoezi mahususi na upasuaji.[2] [4] Vyuma hivyo ni sharti viwekwe kwa mtu na vitumike kila siku hadi kukua kwa mkunjo kukome.[2] Mazoezi mahususi yanaweza kutumika kujaribu kupunguza hatari ya hali kuzorota zaidi.[4] Yanaweza kufanywa peke yake au pamoja na matibabu mengine kama vile ufungwaji wa vyuma.[9] [10] Ushahidi unaosema kwamba urekebishaji wa maungo (chiropractic manipulation), virutubisho vya lishe au mazoezi yanaweza kuzuia hali kuzorota zaidi ni dhaifu.[2] [11] Hata hivyo, mazoezi bado yanapendekezwa kwa sababu ya faida zake zingine za kiafya.[2]
Skoliosisi hutokea kwa takribani asilimia 3 ya watu.[5] Mara nyingi hutokea kwa watu wa kati ya umri wa miaka 10 na 20.[2] Wanawake kwa kawaida huathiriwa zaidi kuliko wanaume.[2] [3] Istilahi hii imetoka kwa lugha ya Kigiriki iliyokuwa ikizungumzwa hapo awali : σκολίωσις , ikatafsiriwa kwa herufi za kirumi: skoliosis ambayo inamaanisha "mkunjo".[12]
Marejeo
hariri- ↑ "scoliosis". Merriam Webster. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 11 Agosti 2016. Iliwekwa mnamo 12 Agosti 2016.
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: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 "Questions and Answers about Scoliosis in Children and Adolescents". NIAMS. Desemba 2015. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 25 Agosti 2016. Iliwekwa mnamo 12 Agosti 2016.
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: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 "adolescent idiopathic scoliosis". Genetics Home Reference. Septemba 2013. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 16 Agosti 2016. Iliwekwa mnamo 12 Agosti 2016.
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: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Negrini S, Donzelli S, Aulisa AG, Czaprowski D, Schreiber S, de Mauroy JC, na wenz. (2018). "2016 SOSORT guidelines: orthopaedic and rehabilitation treatment of idiopathic scoliosis during growth". Scoliosis and Spinal Disorders. 13: 3. doi:10.1186/s13013-017-0145-8. PMC 5795289. PMID 29435499.
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: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ↑ 5.0 5.1 Shakil H, Iqbal ZA, Al-Ghadir AH (2014). "Scoliosis: review of types of curves, etiological theories and conservative treatment". Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation. 27 (2): 111–15. doi:10.3233/bmr-130438. PMID 24284269.
- ↑ Illés TS, Lavaste F, Dubousset JF (Aprili 2019). "The third dimension of scoliosis: The forgotten axial plane". Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Surgery & Research. 105 (2): 351–59. doi:10.1016/j.otsr.2018.10.021. PMID 30665877.
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: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Yang S, Andras LM, Redding GJ, Skaggs DL (Januari 2016). "Early-Onset Scoliosis: A Review of History, Current Treatment, and Future Directions". Pediatrics. 137 (1): e20150709. doi:10.1542/peds.2015-0709. PMID 26644484.
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: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Agabegi SS, Kazemi N, Sturm PF, Mehlman CT (Desemba 2015). "Natural History of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis in Skeletally Mature Patients: A Critical Review". The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. 23 (12): 714–23. doi:10.5435/jaaos-d-14-00037. PMID 26510624.
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: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Berdishevsky H, Lebel VA, Bettany-Saltikov J, Rigo M, Lebel A, Hennes A, Romano M, Białek M, M'hango A, Betts T, de Mauroy JC, Durmala J (2016). "Physiotherapy scoliosis-specific exercises – a comprehensive review of seven major schools". Scoliosis and Spinal Disorders. 11: 20. doi:10.1186/s13013-016-0076-9. PMC 4973373. PMID 27525315.
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: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ↑ Park JH, Jeon HS, Park HW (Juni 2018). "Effects of the Schroth exercise on idiopathic scoliosis: a meta-analysis". European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. 54 (3): 440–49. doi:10.23736/S1973-9087.17.04461-6. PMID 28976171.
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: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Thompson, JY; Williamson, EM; Williams, MA; Heine, PJ; Lamb, SE; ACTIvATeS Study, Group. (27 Oktoba 2018). "Effectiveness of scoliosis-specific exercises for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis compared with other non-surgical interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Physiotherapy. 105 (2): 214–34. doi:10.1016/j.physio.2018.10.004. PMID 30824243.
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: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "scoliosis". Dictionary.com. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 16 Agosti 2016. Iliwekwa mnamo 12 Agosti 2016.
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: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)