Ugiriki
Ugiriki (pia: Uyunani; kwa Kigiriki cha kisasa: Ελλάδα, Ellada, au Ελλάς, Ellas) ni nchi ya Ulaya Kusini-Mashariki iliyopo kusini mwa rasi ya Balkani.
Ugiriki | |
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Mji mkuu (na mkubwa zaidi) | {{{mji_mkuu}}} |
Lugha rasmi | {{{lugha_rasmi}}} |
Serikali | {{{serikali}}} |
{{{vyeo_viongozi}}} | {{{majina_viongozi}}} |
{{{muundo_uhuru}}} | {{{tarehe_uhuru}}} |
Eneo | |
• Eneo la jumla | {{{eneo_jumla}}} |
• Maji (%) | {{{maji}}} |
Idadi ya watu | |
• Kadirio la 2023 | {{{watu_kadirio}}} |
Pato la Taifa | Kadirio la 2023 |
• Jumla | {{{pato}}} |
• Kwa kila mtu | {{{pato_kwa_mtu}}} |
Pato Halisi la Taifa | Kadirio la 2023 |
• Jumla | {{{pato_halisi}}} |
• Kwa kila mtu | {{{pato_halisi_kwa_mtu}}} |
Maendeleo ({{{mwaka_maendeleo}}}) | {{{maendeleo}}} |
Fedha | {{{fedha}}} |
Majira ya saa | {{{majira_saa}}} |
Muundo wa tarehe | DD/MM/YYYY |
Imepakana na Albania, Masedonia Kaskazini, Bulgaria na Uturuki. Upande wa kusini-magharibi na kusini-mashariki kuna pwani ndefu kwenye Bahari ya Mediteranea.
Jiografia hariri
Kijiografia huwa na sehemu za Ugiriki bara, rasi ya Peloponesi upande wa kusini inayounganishwa kwa shingo ya nchi nyembamba, halafu visiwa vingi upande wa Bahari ya Aegean, Bahari ya Adria na kwenye Mediteranea yenyewe. Visiwa vikubwa zaidi ni Kreta, Euboea, Lesbo na Rhodos.
Historia hariri
Ugiriki ni nchi yenye historia ndefu na maarufu sana, hata inaitwa "nchi mama ya Ulaya" na kitovu cha Ustaarabu wa magharibi, kwa sababu ndipo vilipoanza demokrasia, falsafa ya magharibi, fasihi ya magharibi, historiografia, sayansi ya siasa, tafiti za sayansi na hisabati, tamthilia na michezo ya Olimpiki.
Ugiriki ni nchi mwanachama wa Umoja wa Ulaya tangu 1981.
Watu hariri
Lugha ya Kigiriki inaendelea kuandikwa kwa Alfabeti ya Kigiriki inayotumiwa tangu miaka 3000 iliyopita, lakini lugha yenyewe imebadilika. Wagiriki wa leo hawaelewi tena Kigiriki cha Kale moja kwa moja.
Wakazi wengi wanafuata dini ya Ukristo (93%), hasa katika Kanisa la Kiorthodoksi la Kigiriki (90%), halafu Waprotestanti na Wakatoliki. 2% ni Waislamu.
Tazama pia hariri
Marejeo hariri
- "Minorities in Greece – Historical Issues and New Perspectives". History and Culture of South Eastern Europe. An Annual Journal. München (Slavica) 2003.
- The Constitution of Greece. Paparrigopoulos, Xenophon; Vassilouni, Stavroula (translators). Athens: Hellenic Parliament. 2008. ISBN 978-960-560-073-0. Retrieved 21 March 2011.
- Clogg, Richard (1992). A Concise History of Greece (1st ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 10–37. ISBN 978-0-521-37228-2. Retrieved 23 March 2016., 257 pp.
- Clogg, Richard (2002) [1992]. A Concise History of Greece (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00479-4..
- Dagtoglou, PD (1991). "Protection of Individual Rights". Constitutional Law – Individual Rights (in Greek) I. Athens-Komotini: Ant. N. Sakkoulas.
- Fine, John Van Antwerp (1991). The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-08149-3. Retrieved 23 March 2016., 376 pp.
- Hatzopoulos, Marios (2009). "From resurrection to insurrection: 'sacred' myths, motifs, and symbols in the Greek War of Independence". In Beaton, Roderick; Ricks, David. The making of Modern Greece: Nationalism, Romanticism, and the Uses of the Past (1797–1896). Ashgate. pp. 81–93.
- Kalaitzidis, Akis (2010). Europe's Greece: A Giant in the Making. Palgrave Macmillan., 219 pp. The impact of European Union membership on Greek politics, economics, and society.
- Koliopoulos, John S.; Veremis, Thanos M. (2002). Greece: The Modern Sequel. From 1831 to the Present. London: Hurst & Co.
- Kostopoulos, Tasos (2011). "La guerre civile macédonienne de 1903-1908 et ses représentations dans l'historiographie nationale grecque". Cahiers Balkaniques. 38-39 (38–39): 213–226. doi:10.4000/ceb.835. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - Kremmydas, Vassilis (1977). Η οικονομική κρίση στον ελλαδικό χώρο στις αρχές του 19ου αιώνα και οι επιπτώσεις της στην Επανάσταση του 1821 [The economic crisis in Greek lands in the beginning of 19th century and its effects on the Revolution of 1821]. Μνήμων (in Greek) 6: 16–33. doi:10.12681/mnimon.171. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - Kremmydas, Vassilis (2002). Προεπαναστατικές πραγματικότητες. Η οικονομική κρίση και η πορεία προς το Εικοσιένα [Pre-revolutionary realities. The economic crisis and the course to '21]. Μνήμων (in Greek) 24 (2): 71–84. doi:10.12681/mnimon.735. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - Livanios, Dimitris (1999). "Conquering the souls: nationalism and Greek guerrilla warfare in Ottoman Macedonia, 1904‐1908". Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 23: 195–221. doi:10.1179/byz.1999.23.1.195. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - Mavrias, Kostas G (2002). Constitutional Law (in Greek). Athens: Ant. N. Sakkoulas. ISBN 978-960-15-0663-0.
- Mazower, Mark (1992). "The Messiah and the Bourgeoisie: Venizelos and Politics in Greece, 1909- 1912". The Historical Journal 35 (4): 885–904. doi:10.1017/S0018246X00026200.
- Pappas, Takis (April 2003). "The Transformation of the Greek Party System Since 1951". West European Politics 26 (2): 90–114. doi:10.1080/01402380512331341121. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - "Wall St. Helped to Mask Debt Fueling Europe's Crisis", 14 February 2010. .
- Trudgill, P (2000). "Greece and European Turkey: From Religious to Linguistic Identity". In Barbour, S; Carmichael, C. Language and Nationalism in Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press..
- Venizelos, Evangelos (2002). "The Contribution of the Revision of 2001". The "Acquis" of the Constitutional Revision (in Greek). Athens: Ant. N. Sakkoulas. ISBN 978-960-15-0617-3.
- "PDF pager" Ἑλλάς - Ἑλληνισμὸς [Greece - Hellenism], Μεγάλη Ἐλληνικὴ Ἐγκυκλοπαιδεῖα (in Greek) (Athens: Pyrsos Co. Ltd.) 10, 1934
Viungo vya nje hariri
- (Kiingereza) (Kifaransa) (Kigiriki) Rais wa Ugiriki Archived 17 Septemba 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
Nchi za Umoja wa Ulaya | |
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Makala hii kuhusu maeneo ya Ulaya bado ni mbegu. Je unajua kitu kuhusu Ugiriki kama historia yake, biashara, taasisi zilizopo, watu au utamaduni? Labda unaona habari katika wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa? Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa kuihariri na kuongeza habari. |