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Mstari 1: [[Picha:Tuzo Nobel.png\|left\|80px]] [[picha:AbulrazakGurnahHebronPanel.jpg\|thumbnail\|right\|300px\|Abdulrazak Gurnah]] '''Abdulrazak Gurnah Al Kindi''' (amezaliwa [[Zanzibar]], [[20 Desemba]] [[1948]]<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Loimeier\|first=Manfred\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G0vvDAAAQBAJ\|title=Metzler Lexikon Weltliteratur: Band 2: G–M\|date=2016-08-30\|publisher=Springer\|isbn=978-3-476-00129-0\|editor-last=Ruckaberle\|editor-first=Axel\|pages=82–83\|language=de\|chapter=Gurnah, Abdulrazak\|access-date=7 October 2021\|archive-date=7 October 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007151643/https://books.google.com/books?id=G0vvDAAAQBAJ\|url-status=live}}</ref> ) ni [[mwandishi]] ~~[[Tanzania\|Mtanzania]]~~mwenye ~~anayeishi~~asili ya Zanzibar aliyeishi nchini [[Uingereza]] tangu mwaka 1968. Huko anafundisha katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha [[Kent]] tangu [[mwaka]] [[1982]]. Tangu mwaka wa [[1987]] alitolea [[riwaya]] kadhaa kwa lugha ya [[Kiingereza]]. Mwaka [[2021]] alipewa [[tuzo ya Nobel ya Fasihi]]<ref>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2021/summary/</ref><ref>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2021/press-release/</ref>. ==Maisha yake== Abdulrazak Gurnah alizaliwa katika [[Usultani wa Zanzibar]], ambao kwa sasa ni sehemu ya [[Tanzania]].<ref name="king2004">{{Cite book\|last=King\|first=Bruce\|url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordenglishlit0013unse\|title=The Oxford English Literary History\|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]\|year=2004\|isbn=978-0-19-957538-1\|editor-last=Bate\|editor-first=Jonathan\|volume=13\|location=Oxford\|pages=336\|oclc=49564874\|editor-last2=Burrow\|editor-first2=Colin\|url-access=registration}}</ref> Alifika [[Uingereza]] mwaka 1968 kama [[mkimbizi]] baada ya kukimbia [[Zanzibar]] kutokana na machafuko yaliyowalenga watu wenye asili ya Kiarabu wakati wa [[Mapinduzi ya Zanzibar]]. <ref name="flood2021">{{Cite news\|date=2021-10-07\|last=Flood\|first=Alison\|title=Abdulrazak Gurnah wins the 2021 Nobel prize in literature\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2021/oct/07/abdulrazak-gurnah-wins-the-2021-nobel-prize-in-literature\|access-date=2021-10-07\|work=[[The Guardian]]\|language=en\|archive-date=7 October 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007122935/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2021/oct/07/abdulrazak-gurnah-wins-the-2021-nobel-prize-in-literature\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|date=2021-10-07\|title=Nobel Literature Prize 2021: Abdulrazak Gurnah named winner\|language=en-GB\|work=[[BBC News]]\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-58828947\|access-date=2021-10-07}}</ref> Gurnah amewahi kusema, 'Nilikuja Uingereza wakati ambao maneno kama "asylum-seeker" hayakua yakitumika sana kama wakati huu, watu wengi zaidi wanateseka na kukimbia nchi za kigaidi.'<ref>BBC (October 7, 2021) [https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-58828947 Nobel Literature Prize 2021: Abdulrazak Gurnah named winner] Retrieved 7 October, 2021</ref> <ref>{{Cite web\|last=Prono\|first=Luca\|date=2005\|title=Abdulrazak Gurnah - Literature\|url=https://literature.britishcouncil.org/writer/abdulrazak-gurnah\|access-date=2021-10-07\|publisher=[[British Council]]\|archive-date=3 August 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190803094503/https://literature.britishcouncil.org/writer/abdulrazak-gurnah\|url-status=live}}</ref> Alipokuja Uingereza alianza kusoma kwenye Chuo cha Christ Church College, Canterbury baadaye akahamia Chuo Kikuu cha Kent alipopata [[shahada ya uzamili]] katika fasihi mnamo 1982. Tasnia yake ilikuwa kuhusu ''Criteria in the Criticism of West African Fiction''. Kuanzia 1980 hadi 1983, Gurnah alifundisha kwenye Chuo Kikuu cha Bayero mjini [[Kano]], [[Nigeria]]. Akarudi uingereza akawa profesa wa fasihi hadi kustaafu<ref>Flood, Alison (7 October 2021). "[https://www.theguardian.com/books/2021/oct/07/abdulrazak-gurnah-wins-the-2021-nobel-prize-in-literature Abdulrazak Gurnah wins the 2021 Nobel prize in literature]". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 7 October 2021. Retrieved 7 October 2021.</ref>. == Kazi zake == Hadithi nyingi zilizosimuliwa na Gurnah zinaonyesha mazingira ya pwani la Afrika ya Mashariki, na wahusika wakuu wa riwaya zake ni wenyeji wa Unguja. Mhakiki wa fasihi Bruce King aliona kwamba Gurnah anaonyesha wahusika wake Waafrika katika uhusiano mpana na Dunia yote, akiwaona kama sehemu za Dunia kubwa inayoendelea kubadilikabadilika. Kufuatana na King, wahusika wa gurnah mara nyingi ni watu walioondolewa katika asili zake, wanaokataliwa na jamii na kujisikia kama wahanga wa maisha<ref>King, Bruce (2006). "Abdulrazak Gurnah and Hanif Kureishi: Failed Revolutions". In Acheson, James; Ross, Sarah C.E. (eds.). The Contemporary British Novel Since 1980. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 85–94. doi:10.1007/978-1-349-73717-8_8. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-349-73717-8</nowiki>. OCLC 1104713636.</ref>. Mhakiki Felicity Hand aliona kuwa riwaya za ''Admiring Silence'', ''By the Sea'' na ''Desertion'' zote zinajadili hisia za kuwa mgeni na kukosa ndugu zinazotokea kwa watu waliopaswa kuondoka kwao na kukaa ugenini. <ref>https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00111619.2014.884991 Felicity Hand, Searching for New Scripts: Gender Roles in ''Memory of Departure''</ref> ==Orodha ya riwaya zake==

Abdulrazak Gurnah : Tofauti kati ya masahihisho