Dodoso
Dodoso (pia kidadisi, kwa Kiingereza: questionnaire) ni orodha ya maswali ya utafiti ambayo majibu yake hutolewa kimaandishi ama kwa kuandika jibu au kwa kuchagua kati ya majibu yaliyoandaliwa.
Shabaha yake ni kukusanya habari au maoni kutoka kwa walengwa.
Dodoso hutumiwa hasa katika fani za saikolojia, sayansi ya jamii na sayansi ya uchumi kwa ukusanyaji wa data kuhusu misimamo wa kijamii na kisiasa, maoni, upendeleo au hofu, na tabia za kisaikolojia.
Kama dodoso linalenga idadi kubwa ya watu, majibu yake yanaandaliwa mara nyingi kwa kurahisisha tathmini. Mfano: Kwa swali kama "Katika uchaguzi ujao, unapanga kukipiga kura chama A), B), C) au D)?", utathmini wake ni rahisi zaidi kuliko kuuliza: "Kwenye uchaguzi ujao unapanga kufanya nini?".
Kuna pia tafiti ambazo maswali yaliyoandaliwa hayafai, kwa mfano kama shabaha ni kujua ni vyakula vipi vinavyopendwa zaidi na kundi fulani. Kuorodhesha hapa vyakula maalumu kunaweza kuleta tatizo la mtafiti kutotaja vyakula ambavyo hajui au hategemei na hivyo matokeo ya utafiti hayaonyeshi hali halisi katika kundi lililolengwa.
Kusoma zaidi
hariri- Foddy, W. H. (1994). Constructing questions for interviews and questionnaires: Theory and practice in social research (New ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
- Gillham, B. (2008). Developing a questionnaire (2nd ed.). London, UK: Continuum International Publishing Group Ltd.
- Leung, W. C. (2001). "How to conduct a survey". Student BMJ. 9: 143–5.
- Mellenbergh, G. J. (2008). Chapter 10: Tests and questionnaires: Construction and administration. In H. J. Adèr & G. J. Mellenbergh (Eds.) (with contributions by D. J. Hand), Advising on research methods: A consultant's companion (pp. 211–234). Huizen, The Netherlands: Johannes van Kessel Publishing.
- Mellenbergh, G. J. (2008). Chapter 11: Tests and questionnaires: Analysis. In H. J. Adèr & G. J. Mellenbergh (Eds.) (with contributions by D. J. Hand), Advising on research methods: A consultant's companion (pp. 235–268). Huizen, The Netherlands: Johannes van Kessel Publishing.
- Munn, P., & Drever, E. (2004). Using questionnaires in small-scale research: A beginner's guide. Glasgow, Scotland: Scottish Council for Research in Education.
- Oppenheim, A. N. (2000). Questionnaire design, interviewing and attitude measurement (New ed.). London, UK: Continuum International *Publishing Group Ltd.
- Robinson, M. A. (2018). Using multi-item psychometric scales for research and practice in human resource management. Human Resource Management, 57(3), 739–750. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21852 (open-access)