Georges Lemaitre
Georges Henri Joseph Édouard Lemaître [1] (French: [ʒɔʁʒə ləmɛtʁ] (
listen); 17 Julai 1894 – 20 Juni 1966) alikuwa padri, mwanaastronomia na profesa wa fizikia katika Chuo Kikuu Katoliki cha Leuven nchini Ubelgiji.[2]
Alikuwa mtaalamu wa kwanza aliyependekeza kwamba ulimwengu unapanuka na chanzo chake kilikuwa katika nafasi ndogo sana iliyopanuka ikiendelea kupanuka hadi leo. Aliita hali ya mwanzo "atomu asilia" (ing. primeval atom) ambamo nishati na masi yote ya ulimwengu zilikuwepo tayari.
Hivyo aliweka msingi wa nadharia ya mlipuko mkuu[3]. Aligundua pia kanuni zilizotangazwa miaka miwili baadaye na Edwin Hubble na kujulikana kama "Kanuni za Hubble" (Hubble's law na Hubble constant)[4][5][6][7][8][9]).
Maandishi yake
- G. Lemaître, Discussion sur l'évolution de l'univers, 1933
- G. Lemaître, L'Hypothèse de l'atome primitif, 1946
- G. Lemaître, The Primeval Atom - an Essay on Cosmogony, D. Van Nostrand Co, 1950.
- "The Primeval Atom," in Munitz, Milton K., ed., Theories of the Universe, The Free Press, 1957.
- Lemaître, G. (1931). "The Evolution of the Universe: Discussion". Nature. 128 (3234): 699–701. Bibcode:1931Natur.128..704L. doi:10.1038/128704a0.
{{cite journal}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Lemaître, G. (1927). "Un univers homogène de masse constante et de rayon croissant rendant compte de la vitesse radiale des nébuleuses extragalactiques". Annals of the Scientific Society of Brussels (kwa Kifaransa). 47A: 41.
{{cite journal}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help)
- (Translated in: "A Homogeneous Universe of Constant Mass and Growing Radius Accounting for the Radial Velocity of Extragalactic Nebulae". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 91: 483–490. 1931. Bibcode:1931MNRAS..91..483L. doi:10.1093/mnras/91.5.483.
{{cite journal}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help))
- (Translated in: "A Homogeneous Universe of Constant Mass and Growing Radius Accounting for the Radial Velocity of Extragalactic Nebulae". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 91: 483–490. 1931. Bibcode:1931MNRAS..91..483L. doi:10.1093/mnras/91.5.483.
- G. Lemaître (1931-05-09). "The Beginning of the World from the Point of View of Quantum Theory". Nature. 127 (3210): 706. Bibcode:1931Natur.127..706L. doi:10.1038/127706b0. Iliwekwa mnamo 2012-02-28.
Tanbihi
- ↑ "1967QJRAS...8..294. Page 294". articles.adsabs.harvard.edu. Iliwekwa mnamo 2017-02-01.
- ↑ "Obituary: Georges Lemaitre". Physics Today. 19 (9): 119. Septemba 1966. doi:10.1063/1.3048455. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2020-04-06. Iliwekwa mnamo 2017-09-25.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|dead-url=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help); Unknown parameter|https://web.archive.org/web/20200406111822/http://www.physicstoday.org/resource/1/phtoad/v19/i9/p119_s2?bypassSSO=ignored (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "Big bang theory is introduced - 1927". A Science Odyssey. WGBH. Iliwekwa mnamo 31 Julai 2014.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Reich, Eugenie Samuel (27 Juni 2011). "Edwin Hubble in translation trouble". Nature. doi:10.1038/news.2011.385.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Livio, Mario (10 Novemba 2011). "Lost in translation: Mystery of the missing text solved". Nature. 479 (7372): 171–173. Bibcode:2011Natur.479..171L. doi:10.1038/479171a. PMID 22071745.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Sidney van den Bergh arxiv.org 6 Jun 2011 Kigezo:Arxiv [physics.hist-ph]
- ↑ David L. Block arxiv.org 20 June 2011 & 8 July 2011 Kigezo:Arxiv [physics.hist-ph]
- ↑ Eugenie Samuel Reich Published online 27 June 2011| Nature|
- ↑ http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v479/n7372/full/479171a.html
Marejeo
- Farrell, John (2005). The Day Without Yesterday: Lemaitre, Einstein, and the Birth of Modern Cosmology. New York, NY: Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN 1-56025-660-5.
- Holder, Rodney; Mitton, Simon (2013). Georges Lemaître: Life, Science and Legacy (Astrophysics and Space Science Library 395). Springer. ISBN 3642322530.
- Nussbaumer, Harry; Bieri, Lydia (2009). Discovering the Expanding Universe. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-51484-2.
Marejeo mengine
- Berenda, Carlton W (1951). "Notes on Lemaître's Cosmogony". The Journal of Philosophy. 48 (10).
- Berger, A.L., editor, The Big Bang and Georges Lemaître: Proceedings of a Symposium in honour of G. Lemaître fifty years after his initiation of Big-Bang Cosmology, Louvain-Ia-Neuve, Belgium, 10–13 October 1983 (Springer, 2013).
- Cevasco, George A (1954). "The Universe and Abbe Lemaitre". Irish Monthly. 83 (969).
- Godart, Odon & Heller, Michal (1985) Cosmology of Lemaître, Pachart Publishing House.
- Farrell, John, The Day Without Yesterday: Lemaître, Einstein and the Birth of Modern Cosmology (Basic Books, 2005), ISBN 978-1560256601.
- Lambert, Dominique, The Atom of the Universe: The Life and Work of Georges Lemaître (Copernicus Center Press, 2015), ISBN 978-8378860716.
- McCrea, William H. (1970). "Cosmology Today: A Review of the State of the Science with Particular Emphasis on the Contributions of Georges Lemaître". American Scientist. 58 (5).
- Kragh, Helge (1970). "Georges Lemaître". In Gillispie, Charles. Dictionary of Scientific Biography. New York: Scribner & American Council of Learned Societies. pp. 542–543.
. Archived from the original on 2022-02-08. https://web.archive.org/web/20220208064636/http://www.u.arizona.edu/~aversa/scholastic/Dictionary%20of%20Scientific%20Biography/15.%20Lema%c3%aetre%20b.%201894%20(Kragh).pdf.
- Turek, Jósef. Georges Lemaître and the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, Specola Vaticana, 1989.
Viungo vya nje
- 'A Day Without Yesterday': Georges Lemaître & the Big Bang Ilihifadhiwa 6 Julai 2007 kwenye Wayback Machine.
- Donald H. Menzel, "Blast of Giant Atom Created Our Universe" Ilihifadhiwa 31 Agosti 2011 kwenye Wayback Machine., Modern Mechanics (December 1932)
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