Papa : Tofauti kati ya masahihisho

<center> ''Kwa [[samaki]] anayeitwa kwa [[Kiswahili]] kwa neno "papa" tazama [[papa (samaki)]]''</center>

'''Papa''' ([[neno la mkopo]] kutoka [[Kilatini]] lakini lenye asili ya [[Kigiriki]], πάππας, ''pappas'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://education.yahoo.com/reference/dictionary/entry/pope |title=American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language |publisher=Education.yahoo.com |accessdate=2010-08-11}}</ref> jina ambalo [[mtoto]] anamuitia [[baba]] yake)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nlp.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=pa/ppas |title=Liddell and Scott |publisher=Oxford University Press |accessdate=2013-02-18}}</ref>ni [[cheo]] cha kiongozi mkuu wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]] [[duniani]] kote. Cheo hiki kinaenda sambambahicho nakinategemea kile cha [[askofu]] wa [[Roma]].<ref name="section880">{{cite web|url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/_P2A.HTM#PZ|work=[[Catechism of the Catholic Church]]|title= Christ's Faithful - Hierarchy, Laity, Consecrated Life: The episcopal college and its head, the Pope|publisher=Libreria Editrice Vaticana|location=Vatican City|year=1993|accessdate=14 April 2013}}</ref>

Kiasili neno la [[Kilatini]] "Papa" lamaanisha "Baba", nalo likawa cheo kwa nia ya kumtaja askofu wa Roma kwa [[heshima]] ya pekee. Msingi wa heshima hiihiyo ni [[imani]] ya Wakatoliki kuwa askofu wa Roma ni [[mwandamizi]] wa [[Mtume Petro|Petro]], mkuu wa [[mitume wa Yesu]].

Wakatoliki huamini ya kwamba Petro alipewa na [[Yesu]] kazi ya kuongoza [[kanisa]] kwa niaba yake na ya kwamba jukumu hilo linaendelea kati ya waandamizi wa Petro kwenye [[kiti]] cha askofu wa Roma ambacho kwa heshima kinaitwa [[Ukulu mtakatifu]].

Upapa ni kati ya vyeo vya zamani zaidi duniani na umeathiri sana [[historia]] ya [[binadamu]] kwa miaka karibu 2000.<ref>Collins, Roger. ''Keepers of the keys of heaven: a history of the papacy''. Introduction (One of the most enduring and influential of all human institutions, (...) No one who seeks to make sense of modern issues within Christendom - or, indeed, world history - can neglect the vital shaping role of the popes.) Basic Books. 2009. ISBN 978-0-465-01195-7.</ref>Athari hiyo iliweza kuwa nzuri au mbaya, kadiri ya matendo ya mhusika.<ref name="Faus">Faus, José Ignacio Gonzáles. "''Autoridade da Verdade - Momentos Obscuros do Magistério Eclesiástico''". Capítulo VIII: Os papas repartem terras - Pág.: 64-65 e Capítulo VI: O papa tem poder temporal absoluto – Pág.: 49-55. Edições Loyola. ISBN 85-15-01750-4. Embora Faus critique profundamente o poder temporal dos papas ("''Mais uma vez isso salienta um dos maiores inconvenientes do status político dos sucessores de Pedro''" - pág.: 64), ele também admite um papel secular positivo por parte dos papas ("''Não podemos negar que intervenções papais desse gênero evitaram mais de uma guerra na Europa''" - pág.: 65).</ref><ref name="Papal Arbitration">{{cathEncy|wstitle=Papal Arbitration|author=Jarrett, Bede}}</ref><ref>Such as regulating the [[colonization]] of the [[New World]]. See [[Treaty of Tordesillas]] and [[Inter caetera]].</ref>

Kwa muda mrefu [[mamlaka]] ya Papa upande wa [[siasa]], hasa juu ya [[mikoa]] ya [[Italia]] ya katiKati]], ilisababisha nchi nyingine na [[Ukoo|koo]] tajiri za Roma zijiingize katika [[uchaguzi]] ili kupitisha watu wasiofaa. Upande mwingine, Mapapa waliathiriwa na [[utamaduni]] na [[mazingira]] ya nyakati zao, hasa tapo la [[Renaissance]], kiasi cha kuzama katika [[anasa]].

Baada ya [[Dola la Papa]] kutekwa na [[Ufalme wa Italia]] ([[1860]]-[[1870]]), Mapapa wameweza kushughulikia zaidi mambo ya kiroho na kujitokeza kwa ubora.<ref>''História das Religiões. Crenças e práticas religiosas do século XII aos nossos dias''. Grandes Livros da Religião. Editora Folio. 2008. Pág.: 89, 156-157. ISBN 978-84-413-2489-3</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.suapesquisa.com/pesquisa/papa.htm |title=último Papa - Funções, eleição, o que representa, vestimentas, conclave, primeiro papa |publisher=Suapesquisa.com |accessdate=2013-02-18}}</ref>Kwa miaka ya karibuni inatosha kumfikiria [[Papa Yohane Paulo II]] na mchango wake katika kuangusha [[ukomunisti]] katika [[Ulaya Mashariki]].

Papa huchaguliwa na ma[[kardinali]] wa kanisaKanisa katolikiKatoliki baada ya mtangulizi wake kufa au kujiuzulukung'atuka. Baada ya kuchaguliwa papa mpya anaweza akapata [[jina]] jipya. Tangu tarehe [[13 Machi]] [[2013]] ni [[Papa Fransisko]], ambaye awali aliitwa [[Jorge Mario Bergoglio]], kutoka [[Argentina]].

Majina ya mapapa wengine wa Kanisa Katoliki yapatikanayanapatikana katika [[orodha ya mapapa]].