Scipio Africanus
Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus (236–183 KK) [1] alikuwa kiongozi wa kijeshi wa Jamhuri ya Roma na mwanasiasa wakati wa vita ya pili dhidi ya Karthago. Anakumbukwa hasa kwa uongozi wake katika mapambano ya kumshinda Hanibal wa Karthago.
| Cornelius Scipio | |
 sanamu ya Scipio Africanus Mzee kwenye Makumbusho ya Pushkin, Moscow. | |
| Muda wa Utawala 205–202 KK, – [?] KK | |
| mtangulizi | Quintus Caecilius Metellus na Lucius Veturius Philo |
|---|---|
| aliyemfuata | Marcus Cornelius Cethegus na Publius Sempronius Tuditanus |
| tarehe ya kuzaliwa | 236 KK Roma, Jamhuri ya Roma |
| tarehe ya kufa | 183 KK (umri 53) Liternum |
| ndoa | Aemilia Paulla |
| watoto | Publius Cornelius Scipio, Lucius Cornelius Scipio, Cornelia, Cornelia Scipionis Africana |
| Military service | |
| Nickname(s) | Hannibal wa Kiroma |
| Allegiance |  Jamhuri ya Roma
|
| Rank | Jenerali |
| Battles/wars | Second Punic War Battle of Ticinus Battle of the Trebia Battle of Cannae Battle of Cartagena Battle of Baecula Battle of Ilipa Battle of Utica Battle of the Great Plains Battle of Zama Roman-Syrian War Battle of Magnesia |
Scipio alishinda mapigano ya Zama katika Afrika ya Kaskazini. Jina lake Africanus (Mwafrika) limetokana na mahali pa ushindi wake, si kutokana na kuzaliwa huko, wala kuwa na ukoo wa Kiafrika. Kutokana na ushindi dhidi ya mpinzani aliyekuwa hatari kuu kwa Roma ya Kale Scipio alikuwa kati ya viongozi wa kijeshi mashuhuri zaidi katika historia ya Dola la Roma. Baada ya mapigano ya Zama Karthago ilipaswa kuomba amani ikapewa masharti ya fedheha.
Marejeo
hariri- ↑ Alijulikana pia kama Scipio Mwafrika, Scipio Africanus-Major, Scipio Africanus Mzee na Scipio Mkuu.
Vitabu
haririMaandiko ya Kale
hariri- Livius, Ab urbe condita libri xxvi, xxviii, xxix
- Orosius, Historiae adversus paganos libri iv
- Valerius Maximus, Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri iii, iv, vii, viii
Vitabu vya wataalamu wa kisasa
hariri- T.R.S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic (American Philological Association, 1951, 1986).
- Theodore Ayrault Dodge, Hannibal, Da Capo Press; Reissue edition, 2004. ISBN 0-306-81362-9
- H. H. Scullard, Scipio Africanus: Soldier and Politician, Thames and Hudson, London, 1970. ISBN 0-500-40012-1
- H. H. Scullard, Scipio Africanus in the Second Punic War Thirlwall Prize Essay (University Press, Cambridge, 1930)
- B.H. Liddell Hart, Scipio Africanus: Greater Than Napoleon, W Blackwood and Sons, London, 1926; Biblio and Tannen, New York, 1976. ISBN 0-306-80583-9.
Viungo vya nje
hariri
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- Akinde, Michael (2006). "Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus". Michael Akinde. Iliwekwa mnamo 28 Februari 2009.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - Sloan, John. "Scipio Africanus, Publius Cornelius, (The Elder) (237–183 BC), son of Publius Cornelius Scipio". Xenophon Group International. Iliwekwa mnamo 28 Februari 2009.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)