Utaifa
(Elekezwa kutoka Nationalism)
Utaifa ni itikadi ya mtu kupenda taifa lake kupita kiasi, hata kudharau watu wa mataifa mengine. Hivyo ni tofauti na uzalendo unaomfanya mtu apende nchi yake kwa kutambua mema mengi aliyopata kutoka kwake. [1]
Mara nyingi unajitokeza pia kama dharau kwa wananchi walio tofauti na kawaida kwa utamaduni, lugha n.k.
Katika ngazi ya chini, tunakuta ukabila.
Bendera ya taifa, wimbo wa taifa na alama nyingine za utambulisho ni muhimu katika kuchochea uzalendo, lakini mara nyingine zinachangia utaifa.[2][3][4][5]
Elimunafsia inaeleza kwamba pendo kwa taifa linatokana na haja ya kuhusiana na wengine, lakini ni tofauti na mapendo mengine, k.mf. pendo kwa dini au kwa mchumba.
Kwa vyovyote ukomavu unadai mtu ajali wenzake asiwaone kama maadui kwa sababu tu ni tofauti naye.
Tanbihi
hariri- ↑ Rothi, Despina et al. (2005). National attachment and patriotism in a European nation: A British study. Political Psychology, 26, 135 - 155.
- ↑ Billig 1995, p. 72.
- ↑ Gellner, Ernest (2005). Nations and Nationalism (tol. la 2nd). Blackwell. ISBN 1405134429.
- ↑ Canovan, Margaret (1996). Nationhood and Political Theory. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. ISBN 1-85278-852-6.
- ↑ Miller 1995, p. 160
Marejeo
hariri- Anderson, Benedict (1983). Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. London: Verso. ISBN 0-86091-059-8.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Billig, Michael (1995). Banal Nationalism. London: Sage. ISBN 0-8039-7525-2.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Delanty, Gerard; Kumar, Krishan, whr. (2006). The Sage Handbook of Nations and Nationalism. London: Sage Publications. ISBN 1-4129-0101-4.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - James, Paul (1996). Nation Formation: Towards a Theory of Abstract Community. London: Sage Publications. ISBN 0-7619-5072-9.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - James, Paul (2006). Globalism, Nationalism, Tribalism: Bringing Theory Back In. London: Sage Publications.
- Kymlicka, Will (1995). Multicultural Citizenship: A Liberal Theory of Minority Rights. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-827949-3.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Leoussi, Athena S., mhr. (2001). Encyclopedia of Nationalism. New Brunswick, N.J: Transaction Publishers. ISBN 0-7658-0002-0.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Miller, David (1995). On Nationality. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-828047-5.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Motyl, Alexander, mhr. (2001). Encyclopedia of Nationalism. Juz. la 1. San Diego: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-227230-7.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Snyder, Louis L. (1990). Encyclopedia of Nationalism. New York: Paragon House. ISBN 1-55778-167-2.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Spira, Thomas, mhr. (1999). Nationalism and Ethnicity Terminologies: An Encyclopedic Dictionary and Research Guide. Gulf Breeze, FL: Academic International Press. ISBN 0-87569-205-2. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2009-03-16. Iliwekwa mnamo 2014-06-29.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help); Unknown parameter|dead-url=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help)
Marejeo mengine
hariri- Breuilly, John (1994). Nationalism and the State (tol. la 2nd). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-07414-5.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Brubaker, Rogers (1996). Nationalism Reframed: Nationhood and the National Question in the New Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-57224-X.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Greenfeld, Liah (1992). Nationalism: Five Roads to Modernity. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-60318-4.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Hobsbawm, Eric J. (1992). Nations and Nationalism Since 1780: Programme, Myth, Reality (tol. la 2nd). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-43961-2.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Jusdanis, Gregory (2001). The Necessary Nation. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-07029-6.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Malesevic, Sinisa (2006). Identity As Ideology: Understanding Ethnicity and Nationalism. Basingstoke [England]: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 1-4039-8786-6.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Miscevic, Nenad (1 Juni 2010). "Nationalism". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Stanford University.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - "Nations and Nationalism". Harvard Asia Pacific Review. 11 (1). Spring 2010. ISSN 1522-1113.
{{cite journal}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - Özkirimli, Umut (2010). Theories of Nationalism: A Critical Introduction (tol. la 2nd). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 0-230-57732-6.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Royce, Mathias O. (5 Agosti 2010). "The Rise and Propagation of Political Right-Wing Extremism: The Identification and Assessment of Common Sovereign Economic and Socio-Demographic Determinants". Working Paper Series. Swiss Management Center. SSRN 1701742.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help); Invalid|ref=harv(help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - White, Philip L.; White, Michael Lee (2008). "Nationality: The History of a Social Phenomenon". Nationality in World History.
Viungo vya nje
hariri- "Nationalism". Internet Modern History Sourcebook. Fordham University. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2014-10-28. Iliwekwa mnamo 2014-06-29.
- "The Nationalism Project". Association for Research on Ethnicity and Nationalism in the Americas. University of South Carolina. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2019-10-02. Iliwekwa mnamo 2014-06-29.
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