Tondi

Tondi
Tondi milia (Plotosus lineatus)
Uainishaji wa kisayansi
Himaya: Animalia (Wanyama) Faila: Chordata (Wanyama wenye ugwe wa neva mgongoni) Nusufaila: Vertebrata (Wanyama wenye uti wa mgongo) Ngeli: Actinopterygii (Samaki walio na mapezi yenye tindi) Oda: Siluriformes (Samaki kama kambale) Familia: Plotosidae Bleeker, 1858
Ngazi za chini
Jenasi 10, spishi 41: Anodontiglanis Rendahl, 1922 A. dahli Rendahl, 1922 Cnidoglanis Hilgendorf & Günther, 1864 C. macrocephalus Valenciennes, 1840 Euristhmus Ogilby, 1899 E. lepturus Günther, 1864 E. microceps Richardson, 1845 E. microphthalmus Murdy & Ferraris, 2006 E. nudiceps Günther, 1880 E. sandrae Murdy & Ferraris, 2006 Neosiluroides Allen & Feinberg, 1998 N. cooperensis Allen & Feinberg, 1998 Neosilurus Steindachner, 1867 N. ater Perugia, 1894 N. brevidorsalis Günther, 1867 N. coatesi Allen, 1985 N. equinus Weber, 1913 N. giellerupi Weber, 1913 N. gloveri Allen & Feinberg, 1998 N. hyrtlii Steindachner, 1867 N. idenburgi Nichols, 1940 N. mollespiculum Allen & Feinberg, 1998 N. novaeguineae Weber, 1907 N. pseudospinosus Allen & Feinberg, 1998 Oloplotosus Weber, 1913 O. luteus Gomon & Roberts, 1978 O. mariae Weber, 1913 O. torobo Allen, 1985 Paraplotosus Bleeker, 1863 P. albilabris Valenciennes, 1840 P. butleri Allen, 1998 P. muelleri Klunzinger, 1880 Plotosus Lacépède, 1803 P. abbreviatus Boulenger, 1895 P. canius Hamilton, 1822 P. fisadoha Sparks, 2002 P. japonicus Yoshino & Kishimoto, 2008 P. limbatus Valenciennes, 1840 P. lineatus Thunberg, 1787 P. nhatrangensis Prokofiev, 2008 P. nkunga Gomon & Taylor, 1982 P. papuensis Weber, 1910 Porochilus Weber, 1913 P. argenteus Zietz, 1896 P. meraukensis Weber, 1913 P. obbesi Weber, 1913 P. rendahli Whitley, 1928 Tandanus Mitchell, 1838 T. bostocki Whitley, 1944 T. tandanus Mitchell, 1838 T. tropicanus Welsh, Jerry & Burrows, 2014

Tondi, mitonzi au mitozi ni samaki wa baharini na maji baridi wa familia Plotosidae katika oda Siluriformes wanaofanana na mikunga lakini kuwa na sharubu kama kambale. Huitwa ngogo pia lakini jina hili tafadhali litumike kwa jenasi Synodontis.

Maelezo

Tondi wana mwili kama mkunga. Mkia wao una ncha kali au butu. Takriban spishi zote zina jozi nne za sharubu. Pezi lenye shahamu halipo. Pezi la mkia limeundwa kwa kujiunga kwa pezimgongo la pili, pezimkia na pezimkundu katika pezi moja bila pengo. Baadhi ya samaki hawa huweza kusababisha vidonda vinavyoumia; kudungwa na tondi milia kunaweza kupelekea kifo. Hujilisha kwa sakafu ya maji na kutumia sharubu pande zote za kinywa chao ili kugundua chakula.

Msambao

Tondi wanaoishi baharini wanatokea Bahari ya Hindi kutoka pwani ya Afrika ya Mashariki mpaka Australia, Japani na Fiji katika Bahari ya Pasifiki. Takriban nusu ya spishi zote hutokea maji baridi katika Australia na Nyugini.

Spishi za Afrika

• Plotosus fisadoha, Tondi wa Madagaska (Madagascar eel catfish)
• Plotosus limbatus, Tondi Mapezi-meusi au Msilimu (Darkfin eel catfish)
• Plotosus lineatus, Tondi Milia (Striped eel catfish)
• Plotosus nkunga, Tondi Dunga (Stinging eel catfish)

Picha

• 
  Estuary catfish
• 
  Grey eel catfish
• 
  Japanese eel catfish
• 
  Tandan catfish

Marejeo

• Rashid Anam & Edoardo Mostarda (2012) Field identification guide for the living marine resources of Kenya. FAO, Rome.
• Gabriella Bianchi (1985) Field guide to the commercial marine brackish-water species of Tanzania. FAO, Rome.

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