Stephen Hawking
Stephen William Hawking, CH CBE FRS (Oxford, 8 Januari 1942 - Cambridge, 14 Machi 2018) alikuwa mtaalamu wa fizikia na hisabati kutoka Uingereza, mmoja kati ya wataalamu wa fizikia wa kinadharia ulimwenguni.
Aliandika vitabu mashuhuri kuhusu sayansi vinavyolenga watu ambao si wanasayansi.
Hawking alikuwa profesa wa hisabati katika Chuo Kikuu cha Cambridge (nafasi ambayo Isaac Newton aliwahi kuwa nayo). Alistaafu tarehe 1 Oktoba 2009.
Maisha ya awali na elimu
haririMwaka 1950 Hawking alienda Shule ya St Albans, shule ya umma ya Hertfordshire. Akiwa na umri wa miaka 17, alipitia mtihani wa kujifunza huko Oxford. Alijifunza fizikia na kemia huko. Kwa sababu aliona ni rahisi sana mwanzoni, hakujifunza mengi kwa ajili ya mitihani ya mwisho.
Mnamo Oktoba 1962 alianza kozi yake ya kuhitimu katika Trinity Hall. Ulikuwa wakati ugonjwa wake ulianza kujionyesha. Alikuwa na shida katika kujinyoosha na kisha hata tu kutembea. Hata hivyo, alimaliza PhD yake akaandika kuhusu mashimo meusi katika shahada yake. Alipata ushirika (kazi kama mwalimu wa chuo kikuu) katika Chuo cha Gonville na Caius mwaka wa 1965.
Ana ugonjwa wa chembe za neva unaohusiana na ulemavu wa akili unaosababisha mtu kuwa na shida ya kusoma na kuandika (Dyslexia kwa Kiingereza), na kwa sababu hiyo hawezi kutembea au kuzungumza vizuri. Ugonjwa huo ulizidi hata kuwa karibu kabisa na kupooza. Alitumia gurudumu kusonga, na kompyuta ya Intel ili kuzungumza.
Vitabu vyake
haririVitabu vinavyolenga wasomaji wote
hariri- A Brief History of Time (1988)
- Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays (1993)
- The Universe in a Nutshell (2001)
- On The Shoulders of Giants (2002)
- God Created the Integers: The Mathematical Breakthroughs That Changed History (2005)
- The Dreams That Stuff Is Made of: The Most Astounding Papers of Quantum Physics and How They Shook the Scientific World (2011)[1]
- My Brief History (2013)
Vitabu kadhaa vya kitaalamu
hariri- Hawking, S. W.; Penrose, R. (1970). "The Singularities of Gravitational Collapse and Cosmology". Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 314 (1519): 529–548. Bibcode:1970RSPSA.314..529H. doi:10.1098/rspa.1970.0021.
- Hawking, S. (1971). "Gravitational Radiation from Colliding Black Holes". Physical Review Letters. 26 (21): 1344–1346. Bibcode:1971PhRvL..26.1344H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.26.1344.
- Hawking, S.W. (1972). "Black holes in general relativity". Communications in Mathematical Physics. 25 (2): 152–166. Bibcode:1972CMaPh..25..152H. doi:10.1007/BF01877517.
- Hawking, S. W. (1974). "Black hole explosions?". Nature. 248 (5443): 30–31. Bibcode:1974Natur.248...30H. doi:10.1038/248030a0.
- Hawking, S.W. (1982). "The development of irregularities in a single bubble inflationary universe". Physics Letters B. 115 (4): 295–297. Bibcode:1982PhLB..115..295H. doi:10.1016/0370-2693(82)90373-2.
- Hartle, J.; Hawking, S. (1983). "Wave function of the Universe". Physical Review D. 28 (12): 2960–2975. Bibcode:1983PhRvD..28.2960H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.28.2960.
- Hawking, S. (2005). "Information loss in black holes". Physical Review D. 72 (8): 084013. arXiv:hep-th/0507171. Bibcode:2005PhRvD..72h4013H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.72.084013.
Utangulizi wa kitabu
haririTanbihi
hariri- ↑ "How Physics got Weird", Wall Street Journal, 5 December 2016.
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