Upigaji picha
Upigaji picha (kwa Kiingereza Photography kutokana na maneno mawili ya Kigiriki: φωτός, phōtos, ambalo mzizi wake ni φῶς, phōs, "nuru"[1] na γραφή, graphé, "mwandiko" au "mchoro"[2] ambayo kwa pamoja yanamaanisha "kuchora kwa mwanga".[3]) ni teknolojia na sanaa ya kutengeneza picha za kudumu kwa kunasa mwanga au mionzi mingine, kwa njia ya kielektroni au ya kikemia.[4]
Kwa kawaida, lensi inatumika kuelekeza mwanga wa nje mpaka ndani ya kamera kwa muda fulani.
Matumizi ya picha hizo leo ni makubwa katika sekta nyingi.
Baada ya picha mgando (karne ya 19) binadamu alibuni pia picha za video (filamu).
Tanbihi
hariri- ↑ φάος, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
- ↑ γραφή, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
- ↑ Kigezo:OEtymD
- ↑ Spencer, D A (1973). The Focal Dictionary of Photographic Technologies. Focal Press. uk. 454. ISBN 978-0133227192.
Marejeo
haririUtangulizi
hariri- Photography. A Critical Introduction [Paperback], ed. by Liz Wells, 3rd edition, London [etc.]: Routledge, 2004, ISBN 0-415-30704-X
Historia
hariri- A New History of Photography, ed. by Michel Frizot, Köln : Könemann, 1998
- Franz-Xaver Schlegel, Das Leben der toten Dinge – Studien zur modernen Sachfotografie in den USA 1914–1935, 2 Bände, Stuttgart/Germany: Art in Life 1999, ISBN 3-00-004407-8.
Marejeo ya kitaalumu zaidi
hariri- Tom Ang (2002). Dictionary of Photography and Digital Imaging: The Essential Reference for the Modern Photographer. Watson-Guptill. ISBN 0-8174-3789-4.
- Hans-Michael Koetzle: Das Lexikon der Fotografen: 1900 bis heute, Munich: Knaur 2002, 512 p., ISBN 3-426-66479-8
- John Hannavy (ed.): Encyclopedia of Nineteenth-Century Photography, 1736 p., New York: Routledge 2005 ISBN 978-0-415-97235-2
- Lynne Warren (Hrsg.): Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Photography, 1719 p., New York, NY [et.] : Routledge, 2006
- The Oxford Companion to the Photograph, ed. by Robin Lenman, Oxford University Press 2005
- "The Focal Encyclopedia of Photography", Richard Zakia, Leslie Stroebel, Focal Press 1993, ISBN 0-240-51417-3
Vitabu vingine
hariri- Photography and The Art of Seeing by Freeman Patterson, Key Porter Books 1989, ISBN 1-55013-099-4.
- The Art of Photography: An Approach to Personal Expression by Bruce Barnbaum, Rocky Nook 2010, ISBN 1-933952-68-7.
- Image Clarity: High Resolution Photography by John B. Williams, Focal Press 1990, ISBN 0-240-80033-8.
Viungo vya nje
hariri
- Photography katika Open Directory Project
- World History of Photography Ilihifadhiwa 31 Oktoba 2010 kwenye Wayback Machine. From The History of Art.
- Daguerreotype to Digital: A Brief History of the Photographic Process From the State Library & Archives of Florida.
- Photography Changes Everything is a collection of original essays, stories and images—contributed by experts from a spectrum of professional worlds and members of the project's online audience—that explore the many ways photography shapes our culture and our lives, by the Smithsonian Institution.
- Brief History of Photography Ilihifadhiwa 24 Julai 2015 kwenye Wayback Machine. (Illustrated) from University of Costa Rica
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