Juvenal Habyarimana
Juvénal Habyarimana (8 Machi 1937 – 6 Aprili 1994) alikuwa rais wa pili wa Rwanda. Alitawala karibu mikaka 20 kuanzia 1973 hadi 1994. Alitoka katika jumuiya ya Wahutu akaongoza serikali iliyolenga kuzuia kurudi kwenye mamlaka kwa Watutsi ambao ni kundi kubwa la pili nchini Rwanda.
| Juvénal Habyarimana | |
.jpg) Habyarimana in 1980 | |
Rais wa Rwanda wa pili
| |
|---|---|
| Muda wa Utawala 5 Julai 1973 – 6 Aprili 1994 | |
| mtangulizi | Grégoire Kayibanda |
| aliyemfuata | Théodore Sindikubwabo |
| tarehe ya kuzaliwa | Machi 8, 1937 Ruanda-Urundi |
| tarehe ya kufa | Aprili 6, 1994 (umri 57) Kigali, Rwanda |
| utaifa | Rwanda |
| chama | MRND |
| ndoa | Agathe Habyarimana |
| dini | Kanisa Katoliki[1] |
Kwa lugha ya Kinyarwanda aliitwa "Kinani" inayomaanisha "asiyeshindwa". Habyarimana alitawala kama dikteta na watazamaji hamini alidanganya katika kila uchaguzi aliosimamia.[2]
Alikufa tarehe 6 Aprili 1994 wakati ndege yake ilipigwa na makombora aliporejea Kigali kutoka majadiliano ya amani pale Dar es Salaam. Ndege hii ilimbeba pia rais wa Burundi, Cyprien Ntaryamira.[3] Haijulikana kama makombora yalifyatuliwa na Wahutu wakali waliochukia siasa yake au na wanamgambo Watutsi wa RPF waliokuwa wamefika karibu na Kigali wakati ule.
Tukio hili lilichukuliwa na Wahutu wakali kama ishara ya kushambulia Watutsi kote Rwanda pamoja na Wahutu wasioshikamana nao na hivyo kuanzisha mauaji ya kimbari ya Rwanda.[4][5] Katika kipindi cha siku 100 zilizofuata, idadi ya Warwanda 800,000 hadi milioni 1 waliuawa.[6]
Marejeo
hariri- ↑ Stearns, Jason K. Dancing in the Glory of Monsters: The Collapse of the Congo and the Great War of Africa, p. 158
- ↑ Philip Gourevitch (1998). We Wish to Inform You That Tomorrow We Will Be Killed With Our Families.
- ↑ Raymond Bonner. "Unsolved Rwanda Mystery: The President's Plane Crash", The New York Times, November 12, 1994. Retrieved on 2008-01-01.
- ↑ "Rwanda fury at Kagame trial call". BBC News. 21 Novemba 2006.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "French probe exonerates Rwanda leader in genocide". Reuters. 10 Januari 2012. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2015-04-03. Iliwekwa mnamo 2019-04-08.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|=ignored (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ See, e.g., Rwanda: How the genocide happened, BBC, April 1, 2004, which gives an estimate of 800,000, and OAU sets inquiry into Rwanda genocide, Africa Recovery, Vol. 12 1#1 (August 1998), page 4, which estimates the number at between 500,000 and 1,000,000. 7 out of every 10 Tutsis were killed.
Viungo vya Nje
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