Fungo (familia)

Fungo

Fungo (Civettictis civetta)

Uainishaji wa kisayansi

Himaya:	Animalia (Wanyama)
Faila:	Chordata (Wanyama wenye ugwe wa neva mgongoni)
Ngeli:	Mammalia (Wanyama wenye viwele wanaonyonyesha wadogo wao)
Oda:	Carnivora (Wanyama mbua)
Nusuoda:	Feliformia (Wanyama kama paka)
Familia:	Viverridae (Wanyama walio na mnasaba na paka-zabadi) J.E. Gray, 1821

Ngazi za chini

Jenasi 14:

Arctictis Temminck, 1824
Arctogalidia Merriam, 1897
Chrotogale Thomas, 1912
Civettictis Pocock, 1915
Cynogale J.E. Gray, 1837
Diplogale Thomas, 1892
Genetta Oken, 1827
Hemigale Jourdan, 1837
Macrogalidia Schwarz, 1910
Paguma J.E. Gray, 1831
Paradoxurus F. Cuvier, 1821
Poiana J.E. Gray, 1864
Viverra Linnaeus, 1758
Viverricula Hodgson, 1838

Fungo, paka-zabadi au paka wa zabadi ni wanyama mbua wa ukubwa mdogo hadi wastani katika familia Viverridae. Spishi nyingine huitwa kanu, oyani na binturongi, lakini fungo-miti wa Afrika hana mnasaba sana na fungo na yumo katika familia yake binafsi Nandiniidae. Fungo wanatokea Afrika, Asia na Rasi ya Iberia katika maeneo kama savana, milima na misitu, hususa misitu ya mvua. Hawa ni miongoni mwa wanyama wa asili wa oda Carnivora. Mifupa yao ni takriban sawa na ile ya visukuku vya Eocene hapo ilikuwa miaka milioni 50. Wanafanana na paka wenye pua ndefu na mkia mrefu. Wana kucha zinazoweza kurudiwa ndani, mfupa katika mboo wao na tezi za harufu kando ya mkundu. Ukubwa wao unatofautiana kutoka ule wa oyani (mwili wa sm 30 na uzito wa g 650) hadi fungo wa Afrika (sm 84 na kg 18), lakini binturongi anaweza kuwa kg 25.

Fungo hukiakia usiku na kwa hivyo wana uwezo mzuri sana wa kusikia na kuona, lakini spishi nyingi huonekana mchana pia. Kinyume na uainisho wao katika oda Carnivora wanyama hawa hula vitu vyingi na fungo-miti ni walamimea takriban kabisa. Kwa hivyo chonge zao (meno yaliyochongoka ambayo yatumika kwa kunyafua nyama) zimevia. Kinyaa cha tezi za harufu kinaitwa zabadi na hutumika kwa kuchanganya katika manukato. Angalau zabadi inatengenezwa kwa jinsi ya kikemia sikuhizi, inavunwa kutoka wanyama hata sasa. Katika Afrika fungo hutumika, hususa huko Uhabeshi.

Uainishaji

Familia VIVERRIDAE
- Nusufamilia Paradoxurinae
  - Jenasi Arctictis
    - Arctictis binturong, Binturongi (Binturong)
  - Jenasi Arctogalidia
    - Arctogalidia trivirgata, Fungo-miti Meno-madogo (Small-toothed Palm Civet)
  - Jenasi Macrogalidia
    - Macrogalidia musschenbroekii, Fungo-miti wa Sulawesi (Sulawesi Palm Civet)
  - Jenasi Paguma
    - Paguma larvata, Fungo-miti Kinyago (Masked Palm Civet)
  - Jenasi Paradoxurus
    - Paradoxurus aureus, Fungo-miti Dhahabu wa Kanda Nyevu (Golden Wet-zone Palm Civet)^[1]
    - Paradoxurus hermaphroditus, Fungo-miti wa Asia (Asian Palm Civet)
    - Paradoxurus jerdoni, Fungo-miti Kahawia (Jerdon's Palm Civet)
    - Paradoxurus montanus, Fungo-miti Kahawia wa Sri Lanka (Sri Lankan Brown Palm Civet)^[1]
    - Paradoxurus stenocephalus, Fungo-miti Dhahabu wa Kanda Kavu (Golden Dry-zone Palm Civet) sp. nov.^[1]
- Nusufamilia Hemigalinae
  - Jenasi Chrotogale
    - Chrotogale owstoni, Fungo-miti wa Owston (Owston's Palm Civet)
  - Jenasi Cynogale
    - Cynogale bennettii, Fungo-maji (Otter Civet)
  - Jenasi Diplogale
    - Diplogale hosei, Fungo-miti wa Hose (Hose's Palm Civet)
  - Jenasi Hemigalus
    - Hemigalus derbyanus, Fungo-miti Miraba (Banded Palm Civet)
- Nusufamilia Viverrinae
  - Jenasi Civettictis
    - Civettictis civetta, Fungo (African Civet)
  - Jenasi Genetta
    - Genetta abyssinica, Kanu Habeshi (Abyssinian Genet)
    - Genetta angolensis, Kanu-miyombo (Angolan Genet)
    - Genetta bourloni, Kanu wa Bourlon (Bourlon's Genet)
    - Genetta cristata, Kanu Ushungi (Crested Genet)
    - Genetta genetta, Kanu Madoa-madogo (Common Genet)
    - Genetta johnstoni, Kanu wa Johnston (Johnston's Genet)
    - Genetta maculata, Kanu Madoa-kutu (Rusty-spotted Genet)
    - Genetta pardina, Kanu Madoa-makubwa Maghribi (Pardine Genet)
    - Genetta piscivora, Kanu Mlasamaki (Aquatic Genet)
    - Genetta poensis, Kanu Mfalme (King Genet)
    - Genetta servalina, Kanu-mondo (Servaline Genet)
    - Genetta thierryi, Kanu Hausa (Haussa Genet)
    - Genetta tigrina, Kanu Madoa-makubwa Kusi (Cape Genet)
    - Genetta victoriae, Kanu Mkubwa (Giant Forest Genet)
  - Jenasi Poiana
    - Poiana leightoni, Oyani Magharibi (Leighton's Linsang)
    - Poiana richardsonii, Oyani wa Afrika ya Kati (African Linsang)
  - Jenasi Viverra
    - Viverra civettina, Paka-zabadi wa Malabar (Malabar Large-spotted Civet)
    - Viverra megaspila, Paka-zabadi Madoa-makubwa (Large-spotted Civet)
    - Viverra tangalunga, Paka-zabadi Mashariki (Malayan Civet)
    - Viverra zibetha, Paka-zabadi Mkubwa (Large Indian Civet)
  - Jenasi Viverricula
    - Viverricula indica, Paka-zabadi Mdogo (Small Indian Civet)

Picha

Binturongi
Fungo-miti kinyago
Fungo-miti wa Asia
Fungo-miti kahawia
Fungo-miti dhahabu
Fungo-miti miraba
Kanu-miyombo
Kanu madoa-madogo
Kanu-mondo
Kanu madoa-makubwa kusi
Paka-zabadi mashariki

Marejeo

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 "The taxonomy of the endemic golden palm civet of Sri Lanka". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (155). The Linnean Society of London: 238–251. 2009. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00451.x.

Viungo vya nje

Wikispecies has information related to: Fungo (familia)

[LinSoc-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 "The taxonomy of the endemic golden palm civet of Sri Lanka". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (155). The Linnean Society of London: 238–251. 2009. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00451.x.

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