Epikur

Epikur (kwa Kilatini na lugha mbalimbali Epicurus, kutoka Kigiriki Ἐπίκουρος, Epíkouros, yaani "Mwenzi"; 341–270 KK) alikuwa mwanafalsafa wa Ugiriki wa Kale, maarufu kama mwanzilishi wa shule ya falsafa yenye jina lake (kwa Kiingereza: Epicureanism).

Sanamu ya Kirumi ya Epicurus.

Maandishi

Kati ya maandishi yake 300 hivi, zimebaki tu sehemu na barua chache; zaidi tunajua kutoka kwa wafuasi wake na wengineo waliofafanua mafundisho yake.

Mafundisho

Kwake, lengo la falsafa ni kufikia maisha yenye heri, utulivu, amani, kutoogopa, kutoteseka, kujitegemea na kuzungukwa na marafiki. Kwake raha na maumivu ndio vigezo vya uadilifu au uovu wa mambo yoyote. Pia kifo ni mwisho wa mwili na roho, hivyo hakitakiwi kuogopwa. Tena hakuna miungu ambao waadhibu wala kutuza binadamu. Ulimwengu hauna mipaka na ni wa milele.

Marejeo

Maandishi yake

• Epicurus (1994). Inwood, Brad; Gerson, Lloyd P. (whr.). The Epicurus Reader. Selected Writings and Testimonia. Indianapolis: Hackett. ISBN 0-87220-242-9.
• Epicurus (1993). The essential Epicurus : letters, principal doctrines, Vatican sayings, and fragments. Eugene O'Connor, trans. Buffalo, N.Y.: Prometheus Books. ISBN 0-87975-810-4.
• Epicurus (1964). Letters, principal doctrines, and Vatican sayings. Russel M. Geer, trans. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.
• Laertius, Diogenes (1969). Caponigri, A. Robert (mhr.). Lives of the Philosophers. Chicago: Henry Regnery Co.
• Lucretius Carus, Titus (1976). On the nature of the universe. R. E. Latham, trans. London: Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-044018-6.
• Körte, Alfred (1987). Epicureanism : two collections of fragments and studies (kwa Greek). New York: Garland. ISBN 0-8240-6915-3.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
• Oates, Whitney J. (1940). The Stoic and Epicurean philosophers, The Complete Extant Writings of Epicurus, Epictetus, Lucretius and Marcus Aurelius. New York: Modern Library.
• Diogenes of Oinoanda (1993). The Epicurean inscription. Martin Ferguson Smith, trans. Napoli: Bibliopolis. ISBN 88-7088-270-5.

Ufafanuzi

• Bailey C. (1928). The Greek Atomists and Epicurus, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
• Bakalis, Nikolaos (2005). Handbook of Greek Philosophy from Thales to the Stoics. Analysis and fragments. Victoria: Trafford. ISBN 1-4120-4843-5.
• Gordon, Pamela (1996). Epicurus in Lycia. The Second-Century World of Diogenes of Oenoanda. Ann Arbor: Univ. of Michigan Press. ISBN 0-472-10461-6.
• Gottlieb, Anthony (2000). The Dream of Reason. A History of Western Philosophy from the Greeks to the Renaissance. New York: W.W. Norton. ISBN 0-393-04951-5.
• Hibler, Richard W. (1984). Happiness Through Tranquillity. The school of Epicurus. Lanham, MD: University Press of America. ISBN 0-8191-3861-4.
• Hicks, R. D. (1910). Stoic and Epicurean. New York: Scribner.
• Jones, Howard (1989). The Epicurean Tradition. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-02069-7.
• O'Keefe, Tim (2009). Epicureanism. University of California Press.
• Panichas, George Andrew (1967). Epicurus. New York: Twayne Publishers.
• Rist, J.M. (1972). Epicurus. An introduction. London: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-08426-1.
• Warren, James (2009). The Cambridge Companion to Epicureanism. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-05218-7347-5.
• William Wallace. Epicureanism. SPCK (1880)

Viungo vya nje

WikiMedia Commons

Wikimedia Commons ina media kuhusu:

Epikur

• Society of Friends of Epicurus – Epicurean community
• Stoic And Epicurean by Robert Drew Hicks (1910) (Internet Archive)
• Epicurus.net – Epicurus and Epicurean Philosophy
• Epicurus and Lucretius – small article by "P. Dionysius Mus"
• The Difference Between the Democritean and Epicurean Philosophy of Nature – Karl Marx's doctoral thesis
• Epicurus on Free Will
• The Garden of Epicurus – useful summary of the teachings of Epicurus
• Philosophy of Happiness (PDF) Ilihifadhiwa 12 Mei 2016 kwenye Wayback Machine.
• Epicurea, Hermann Usener - full text

Sura

• Discussion, bibliography, 3D models of the lost portrait

Vyanzo

• Principal Doctrines Ilihifadhiwa 7 Aprili 2007 kwenye Wayback Machine. – unidentified translation
• Principal Doctrines – the original Greek, two English translations, and a parallel mode
• Vatican Sayings Ilihifadhiwa 21 Machi 2019 kwenye Wayback Machine. – unidentified translation
• Vatican Sayings – the original Greek with an English translation
• Letter to Herodotus Ilihifadhiwa 9 Oktoba 2018 kwenye Wayback Machine.
• Letter to Pythocles Ilihifadhiwa 9 Oktoba 2018 kwenye Wayback Machine.
• Letter to Menoeceus Ilihifadhiwa 3 Januari 2017 kwenye Wayback Machine.
• Epicurus: Fragments - Usener's compilation in English translation

Makala hii kuhusu mtu huyo bado ni mbegu. Je, unajua kitu kuhusu Epikur kama wasifu wake, habari za maisha au kazi yake? Labda unaona habari katika Wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa? Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa kuihariri na kuongeza habari.