Pambizo

Pambizo (vilevile kiungani, pambizoni, pembeni, kando ya mji, kiunga; kwa Kiingereza: suburb) ni makazi ya watu yaliyo pembezoni mwa mji au jiji na kitovu chake. Hukaliwa na watu wanaofanya kazi kwenye kitovu cha mji au kwenye mitaa ya viwanda. Si mjini kabisa wala si mashambani.

Mapambizo huzunguka kitovu cha Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Eneo la vibanda pale Soweto, pambizo la Johannesburg

Maghorofa katika pambizo la Marzahn, Berlin, Ujerumani

Mapambizo huzunguka kitovu cha Kontula, Helsinki, Finland

Zamani miji ya Dunia haikuwa mikubwa sana, isipokuwa miji mikuu katika madola makubwa yenye serikali thabiti. Tangu mapinduzi ya viwanda miji ilianza kukua na tangu mwaka 2008 zaidi ya nusu ya watu wote duniani huishi mjini.

Mifumo ya usafiri wa mjini inaruhusu watu kukaa mbali na mahali pa kazi na kusafiri kila siku baina ya nyumba na kazi.

Watu huamua kuishi kwenye mapambizo kwa sababu mbalimbali:

• watu maskini hutafuta maeneo yasiyotumiwa wanapoweza kujenga vibanda vyao na hivyo kuanzisha pambizo la mtaa wa vibanda (slum)
• watu wenye kipato kidogo hutafuta makazi ya kupanga kwa gharama isiyo juu yanayopatikana pale ambako bei ya ardhi ni nafuu
• watu wenye hela hutafuta sehemu wanapoweza kujenga nyumba zao pamoja na nafasi ya bustani isiyopatikana tena mjini penyewe.

Kiutawala mapambizo yanaweza kuwa sehemu ya mji / jiji au kuwa nje yake. Hata hivyo kwa makusudi ya kusimamia usafiri, maji, maji machafu na takataka mara nyingi mamlaka za pamoja zimeundwa.

Kujisomea

• Archer, John; Paul J.P. Sandul, and Katherine Solomonson (eds.), Making Suburbia: New Histories of Everyday America. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 2015.
• Baxandall, Rosalyn and Elizabeth Ewen. Picture Windows: How the Suburbs Happened. New York: Basic Books, 2000.
• Beauregard, Robert A. When America Became Suburban. University of Minnesota Press, 2006.
• Fishman, Robert. Bourgeois Utopias: The Rise and Fall of Suburbia. Basic Books, 1987; in U.S.
• Galinou, Mireille. Cottages and Villas: The Birth of the Garden Suburb (2011), in England
• Harris, Richard. Creeping Conformity: How Canada Became Suburban, 1900-1960 (2004)
• Hayden, Dolores. Building Suburbia: Green Fields and Urban Growth, 1820–2000. Vintage Books, 2003.
• Stilgoe, John R. Borderland: Origins of the American Suburb, 1820–1939. Yale University Press, 1989.
• Teaford, Jon C., The American Suburb: The Basics. Routledge, 2008.

Viungo vya Nje

Wikiquote ina mkusanyiko wa dondoo kuhusu:

Pambizo

• A Future Vision for the North American Suburb
• Centre for Suburban Studies
• Images of a mature north London suburb illustrating a wide range of domestic architecture
• The end of suburbia (documentary film)