Fulgensyo wa Ruspe
Fulgensyo wa Ruspe (Fabius Claudius Gordianus Fulgentius[1]; Thelepte, leo Medinet-el-Kedima, 462 au 467 – Ruspe, 1 Januari 527 au 533) alikuwa mmonaki, mwanateolojia na askofu wa Ruspe (leo nchini Tunisia)
Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na Wakatoliki na Waorthodoksi kama mtakatifu[2].
Maisha
haririMtoto wa familia tajiri[4], alijifunza vizuri kabisa Kigiriki na pia Kilatini[4].
Kwa jinsi alivyosimamia familia yake alipata sifa na kazi ya liwali huko Afrika Kaskazini. Hata hivyo aliacha mapema awe mmonaki[5].
Mwaka 499 hivi aliondoka ajiunge na wakaapweke wa Thebais huko Misri, lakini alikata tamaa aliposikia juu ya wamonaki wa huko kuathiriwa na mafundisho mapotofu ya Eulalius, askofu wa Siracusa.[6] Badala yake alianzisha monasteri huko Byzacena chini ya askofu Faustus, bila kujali udhaifu wa mwili wake wala upinzani wa mama yake.[7]
Waario walipozidi kushambulia eneo hilo, Fulgensyo alilazimika kuhamia monasteri ya jirani, halafu Sicca Veneria alipokamatwa na kuteswa kwa imani yake Katoliki.
Mwaka 500 alihiji Roma, kwenye makaburi ya Mitume Petro na Paulo, halafu arakudi Byzacena, alipojenga monasteri, akichagua kuishi peke yake chumbani.
Sifa yake ilienea akapewa mara kadhaa nafasi ya uaskofu katika majimbo yaliyopungukiwa kutokana na dhuluma ya mfalme Thrasamund wa Wavandali.[7] Hatimaye mwaka 502 Fulgensyo alikubali kuongoza Wakristo wa Ruspe.[6]
Maadili yake yaligusa sana waumini, lakini mfalme alimfukuza pamoja na maaskofu wengine sitini wasiokubali Uario wakaishi katika kisiwa cha Sardinia alipopewa kila mwaka msaada wa Papa Symmachus. Akiwa huko, aligeuza nyumba yake mjini Cagliari kuwa monasteri, akaanza kuandika vitabu kwa ajili ya Wakristo wa Afrika.
Kwa amri ya mfalme, mwaka 515 alirudi barani kwa ajili ya mhadhara na Mwario aliyeshika jimbo lake. Kitabu chake, Jibu la Hoja Kumi zilizotolewa dhidi ya Kanuni ya Imani ya Nisea kilimshtua Thrasamund hata akakatazwa kauli za Fulgensyo zisitolewe tena kwa maandishi. Lakini yeye aliongeza Vitabu Vitatu kwa Mfalme Thrasamund. Mfalme huyo alizidi kumheshimu Fulgensyo akamruhusu kuishi Karthago, lakini mwaka 520 akamrudisha Sardinia.
Fulgensyo alianzisha jumuia mbalimbali Afrika Kaskazini na Sardinia.[8]
Mwaka 523, baada ya kifo che Thrasamund, aliingia madarakani mwanae Hilderic, aliyekuwa Mkatoliki. Hivyo Fulgensyo aliruhusiwa kurudi Ruspe akajitahidi kuvuta wananchi wote katika Kanisa Katoliki na kurekebisha hali mbaya iliyoenea jimboni mwake alipokuwa mbali.[9]
Baadaye Fulgensyo alirudi kuishi monasterini katika kisiwa cha (Kerkenna), lakini akarudishwa tena Ruspe, alipohudumia hadi kifo chake tarehe 1 Januari 527[6] or 533.[4]
Maandishi
haririKati ya maandishi yake zimetufikia barua kadhaa na hotuba nane.
Tazama pia
haririTanbihi
hariri- ↑ Jones, Terry. "Fulgentius of Ruspe". Patron Saints Index. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo Februari 24, 2007. Iliwekwa mnamo 2007-02-28.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "Nakala iliyohifadhiwa". Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2007-10-08. Iliwekwa mnamo 2019-09-07.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|=ignored (help) - ↑ Martyrologium Romanum: ex Decreto Sacrosancti oecumenici Concilii Vaticani II instauratum auctoritate Ioannis Pauli P.P. II promulgatum, Romae 2001, ISBN 8820972107
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Chapman, John. "St. Fulgentius." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. 3 Mar. 2015
- ↑ Martyrologium Romanum
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 ""Saint Fulgentius of Ruspe, bishop", Order of Saint Augustine". Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2016-03-05. Iliwekwa mnamo 2019-09-07.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Burns, Paul. Butler's Lives of the Saints:New Full Edition. Collegeville, MN:The Liturgical Press, 1995. ISBN|0-8146-2377-8.
- ↑ The Life of Fulgentius, (generally attributed to Ferrandus of Carthage, but more recently to Redemptus a monk of Telepte) is of value to historians as a record of migrations of social élites to Italy, Sicily and Sardinia due to vicissitudes of the Vandal rulers in North Africa, navigation in the Western Mediterranean, estate management, and the development of an episcopal monastic familia.
- ↑ The power and effectiveness of his preaching was so profound that his archbishop, Boniface of Carthage, wept openly every time he heard Fulgentius preach, and publicly thanked God for giving such a preacher to his church.
Marejeo
hariri- A. Isola (ed.), Anonymus. Vita S. Fulgentii episcopi, Turnhout, 2016 (Corpus Christianorum. Series Latina, 91F), ISBN|978-2-503-56820-1
- Fulgence de Ruspe, Lettres ascetiques et morales. Critical text by J. Fraipont. Introduction, translation, and notes by Daniel Bachelet. Paris: Cerf, 2004, Pp. 298. (Sources Chretiennes, 487).
- "Fulgentius" in The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. F. L. Cross and E. A. Livingstone, eds. London: Oxford University Press, 1974.
- Catholic Encyclopedia article "St. Fulgentius"
- Saint of the Day, January 1Ilihifadhiwa 7 Septemba 2010 kwenye Wayback Machine. at SaintPatrickDC.org
- Burns, Paul. Butler's Lives of the Saints:New Full Edition. Collegeville, MN:The Liturgical Press, 1995. ISBN|0-8146-2377-8.
- Gumerlock, Francis X. Fulgentius of Ruspe on the Saving Will of God: The Development of a Sixth-Century African Bishop’s Interpretation of 1 Timothy 2:4 During the Semi-Pelagian Controversy. Edwin Mellen Press, 2009. ISBN|978-0773449350
- Prosopographie de l'Afrique Chrétienne (303–533), ed. André Mandouze pp.507–513 'Fulgentius 1'
Viungo vya nje
hariri
- Life of St. Fulgentius (Augustinians of the Midwest) Ilihifadhiwa 21 Januari 2008 kwenye Wayback Machine.
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