Papa Zakaria
Papa Zakaria alikuwa Papa kuanzia tarehe 3 Desemba 741 hadi kifo chake tarehe 15 Machi 752[1]. Alitokea Ugiriki[2] au Santa Severina, Calabria, Italia, labda akiwa na asili ya Balkani.
Jina la baba yake lilikuwa Polichronios.
Alimfuata Papa Gregori III akafuatwa na Papa Stefano II[3].
Anasifiwa sana na wanahistoria mbalimbali kwa jinsi alivyokabili vizuri mazingira magumu na ya hatari[4], akiongoza familia ya Mungu kwa umakinifu na busara ya hali ya juu.
Alifaulu kupatana na Walombardi walioteka sehemu kubwa ya Italia[5] au kupunguza ukali wao, aliwaelekeza Wafaranki namna ya kutawala kwa haki na kumhimiza Pipino Mfupi kujifanya rasmi mfalme wao[6], alifanya makabila ya Kijerumani yawe na makanisa zaidi, aliunga mkono umisionari wa Bonifas huko Ujerumani[7], alidumisha umoja na Kanisa la Mashariki, alipinga sera ya kaisari Konstantino V dhidi ya picha takatifu[6], alidhibiti mwelekeo wa kutunga majina kwa malaika[8] na alikataza biashara ya watumwa mjini Roma akiwakomboa waliokwisha kuletwa[5][9][10].
Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na Wakatoliki na Waorthodoksi kama mtakatifu.
Tazama pia
haririMaandishi yake
hariri- Barua na hati zake zilitolewa na Jacques Paul Migne katika Patrologia Latina lxxxix. p. 917–960.
Tanbihi
hariri- ↑ https://www.vatican.va/content/vatican/en/holy-father.index.html#holy-father
- ↑ https://www.vatican.va/content/vatican/en/holy-father.index.html#holy-father
- ↑ His elected successor, Stephen, died within days, and Zachary was finally succeeded by Pope Stephen II
- ↑ Church historian Johann Peter Kirsch said of Zachary: "In a troubled era Zachary proved himself to be an excellent, capable, vigorous, and charitable successor of Peter." Peter Partner called Zachary a skilled diplomat, "perhaps the most subtle and able of all the Roman pontiffs, in this dark corridor in which the Roman See hovered just inside the doors of the Byzantine world." Cfr. Partner, Peter. The Lands of St. Peter: The Papal State in the Middle Ages and the Early Renaissance, University of California Press, 1972, p. 17], ISBN 9780520021815
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Butler, Alban (1866). "Zachary, Pope and Confessor". The Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs, and Other Principal Saints. III. Dublin: James Duffy. http://www.bartleby.com/210/3/152.html.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Zacharias, St". Encyclopædia Britannica. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 950.
- ↑ Wansbrough OSB, Henry. "St. Boniface, Monk and Missioner", Prayer and Thought in Monastic Tradition: Essays in Honour of Benedicta Ward SLG, (Santha Bhattacharji, Dominic Mattos, Rowan Williams, eds.), A&C Black, 2014, p. 133, ISBN|9780567082954
- ↑ "Assigning Names to Angels – ZENIT – English". zenit.org (kwa American English). Septemba 2015. Iliwekwa mnamo 2018-02-13.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Stefan K. Stantchev (3 Julai 2014). Spiritual Rationality: Papal Embargo as Cultural Practice. Oxford University Press. uk. 28. ISBN 9780191009235.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Annali d'Italia: Dall'anno 601 dell'era volare fino all'anno 840, by Lodovico Antonio Muratori, Giuseppe Catalani, Monaco (1742); page 298.
- ↑ Martyrologium Romanum
Marejeo
hariri- Baronius, Cesare (1867). Augustinus Theiner (mhr.). Annales ecclesiastici denuo excusi et ad nostra usque tempora perducti ab Augustino Theiner... (kwa Kilatini). Juz. la Tomus Duodecimus. Barri-Ducis. ku. 466–562.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Davis, Raymond (1992). The Lives of the Eighth-century Popes (Liber Pontificalis): The Ancient Biographies of Nine Popes from AD 715 to AD 817. Liverpool University Press. ISBN 978-0-85323-018-2.
- Delogu, Paolo (2000). "Zaccaria, santo", Enciclopedia dei papi Treccani. Kigezo:In lang
- Duchesne, Louis, Le Liber Pontificalis: texte, introduction et commentaire par L. Duchesne Tome I (Paris: E. Thorin 1886), pp. 426–439. (in Latin)
- Hallenbeck, Jan T. (1982). Pavia and Rome: The Lombard Monarchy and the Papacy in the Eighth Century. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society. ku. 39–55. ISBN 9780871697240.
- Noble, Thomas F. X. (1984). The Republic of St. Peter: The Birth of the Papal State, 680-825. University of Pennsylvania Press. ku. 49–60. ISBN 978-0-8122-1239-6.
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