Apolo (Biblia)
Apolo (kwa Kigiriki: Ἀπολλώς, Apollos, labda kifupisho cha Apollonius au Apollidorus[1]) alikuwa Mkristo wa karne ya 1 aliyetokea Alexandria[2] katika familia ya walowezi Wayahudi.
Anatajwa mara kadha katika Agano Jipya kama msomi na msemaji fasaha wa lugha ya Kigiriki aliyefanya kazi ya umisionari wakati mmoja na Mtume Paulo huko Efeso na Korintho.
Tangu kale naheshimiwa na Wakristo wa madhehebu mengi kama mtakatifu.
Sikukuu yake huadhimishwa tarehe 13 Februari.
Katika Matendo ya Mitume
haririApolo anatajwa na Mwinjili Luka kwanza kama mhubiri aliyefika Efeso (52 au 53 BK) na kwamba "alikuwa motomoto katika roho na kufundisha kwa usahihi mambo ya Yesu ingawa alifahamu ubatizo wa Yohane tu" [3] Hapo Akwila na Priska walimuelimisha zaidi, naye akakubali.[4]
Kabla ya Paulo kufika huko, Apolo alihamia Ugiriki (Akaia)[5] [6] mjini Korintho, makao makuu ya mkoa.[7] Alikuwa na barua ya utambulisho kutoka kwa Wakristo wa Efeso kwa wenzao wa Korintho. Huko "aliwasaidia sana waliokuwa wameamini kwa neema, kwa sababu alikuwa anabishana kwa nguvu na Wayahudi hadharani, akionyesha katika Maandiko kuwa Yesu ndiye Kristo".[8]
Waraka wa kwanza wa Mtume Paulo kwa Wakorintho (55 hivi) unamtaja Apolo mara saba kama mtu muhimu katika Kanisa lao aliyemuagilia mbegu iliyopandwa na Paulo[9] kiasi kwamba wengine waliambatana naye dhidi ya walioambatana na Mtume mwenyewe na Kefa.[10] Paulo aliona hizo ni dalili za kutokomaa katika imani.[11] Hata hivyo hakumlaumu Apolo kwa hilo, tena alimhimiza kwenda Korintho wakati huo, ila yeye hakuona ni vizuri kurudi huko, inaonekana kwa kuwa hakupenda kuwa sababu ya mafarakano.[12]
Katika Waraka kwa Tito
haririApolo anatajwa tena na Paulo katika waraka kwa Tito, akimhimiza huyo kurahisisha safari ya Zenas na Apolo.[13] Hiyo inamaanisha kwamba wakati huo Apolo alikuwa katika kisiwa cha Krete (Ugiriki).
Katika mapokeo
haririJeromu alisema kuwa Apolo akupendezwa na hali ya Wakorintho akahamia kisiwa cha Crete pamoja na Zenas mpaka baada ya Paulo kumaliza mgogoro kati yao. Hapo Apolo akarudi kuongoza jumuia ya Korintho.[14]
Umuhimu
haririMartin Luther na baadhi ya wataalamu wa leo wamehisi Apolo kuwa mwandishi wa Waraka kwa Waebrania badala ya Paulo au Barnaba.[15][16] Hakuna maandishi mengine yanayojulikana kuwa yake.
Tazama pia
haririTanbihi
hariri- ↑ "Pope Benedict XVI. "Barnabas, Silas, and Apollos", L'Osservatore Romano, February 7, 2007, p. 11". Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2016-12-30. Iliwekwa mnamo 2019-02-10.
- ↑ Theologian Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, for example, commented: "It is difficult to imagine that an Alexandrian Jew ... could have escaped the influence of Philo, the great intellectual leader ... particularly since the latter seems to have been especially concerned with education and preaching."J Murphy-O'Connor. Paul: A critical life. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996, p. 275
- ↑ Mdo 18:24-25
- ↑ "When Priscilla and Aquila heard him, they took him aside and explained to him the way of God more adequately." Mdo 18:26
- ↑ Mdo 18:27
- ↑ So the Alexandrian recension; the text in 38 and Codex Bezae indicate that Apollos went to Corinth. Joseph Fitzmyer, The Acts of the Apostles (New York: Doubleday, 1998), p. 639.
- ↑ Mdo 19:1
- ↑ Mdo 18:27-28
- ↑ I planted, Apollos watered, but God gave the growth. 1 Kor 3:6}}
- ↑ 1 Kor 1:10-13. It is possible, though, that, as Msgr. Ronald Knox suggests, the parties were actually two, one claiming to follow Paul, the other claiming to follow Apollos. "It is surely probable that the adherents of St. Paul [...] alleged in defence of his orthodoxy the fact that he was in full agreement with, and in some sense commissioned by, the Apostolic College. Hence 'I am for Cephas'. [...] What reply was the faction of Apollos to make? It devised an expedient which has been imitated by sectaries more than once in later times; appealed behind the Apostolic College itself to him from whom the Apostolic College derived its dignity; 'I am for Christ'." Knox, R. Enthusiasm, p. 13.
- ↑ 1 Kor 3:1-4}}
- ↑ 1 Kor 16:12
- ↑ Tito 3:13}}
- ↑ Jerome, Commentary on the Epistle to Titus 3:13
- ↑ The NIV study bible, new international version; English (UK) edition; London, Hodder & Stoughton, 1987; p.1817.
- ↑ Pulpit Commentary on I Corinthians 3, accessed 19 March 2017
Marejeo
hariri- Encyclopaedia Biblica
- Herzog-Hauck, Realencyklopadie
- The Jewish Encyclopedia (Jewish Encyclopedia: Apollos)
- James Hastings, Dictionary of the Bible
- Karl Heinrich von Weizsäcker, Das apostolische Zeitalter (1886)
- A. C. McGiffert, History of Christianity in the Apostolic Age.
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